inductive effects

Are Electron Withdrawing Groups Activating Or Deactivating?

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Are Electron Withdrawing Groups Activating Or Deactivating? The major product of a monosubstituted benzene ring with an electron withdrawing group and an additional electrophile is a product with meta substitution. In contrast to electron donating groups, electron withdrawing groups are deactivating. Are activating groups electron withdrawing? Electron donating groups are typically divided into three levels

Which Is Stronger Resonance Effect Or Inductive Effect?

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Which Is Stronger Resonance Effect Or Inductive Effect? When the substituents like -OH have an unshared pair of electrons, the resonance effect is stronger than the inductive effect which make these substituents stronger activators, since this resonance effect direct the electron toward the ring. Which is stronger inductive effect or mesomeric effect? In most substituents,