Disease processes involve
varying degrees of inflammation and fibrosis of the lung interstitium
, resulting in reduced lung volumes and compromised gas exchange. From: Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences, 2019.
What is meant by disease process?
Diseases are generally understood to be
medical conditions that involve a pathological process associated with a specific set of symptoms
. Localized diseases affect specific parts of the body; disseminated diseases spread to other parts of the body; and systemic diseases affect the entire body.
What is the study of disease and disease processes?
Epidemiology
is the study (scientific, systematic, data-driven) of the distribution (frequency, pattern) and determinants (causes, risk factors) of health-related states and events (not just diseases) in specified populations (patient is community, individuals viewed collectively), and the application of (since …
What are the 4 types of diseases?
There are four main types of disease:
infectious diseases, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases
(including both genetic diseases and non-genetic hereditary diseases), and physiological diseases. Diseases can also be classified in other ways, such as communicable versus non-communicable diseases.
What is the difference between disease process and pathophysiology?
Pathology describes the abnormal condition, whereas pathophysiology seeks to explain the physiological processes because of which such condition develops and progresses. In other words, pathophysiology defines
the functional changes associated resulting from disease or injury
.
What are two types of disease?
- communicable , which are caused by pathogens and can be transferred from one person to another, or from one organism to another – in humans these include measles, food poisoning and malaria.
- non-communicable , which are not transferred between people or other organisms.
What is an example of a disease process?
These underlying disease processes include
diabetes mellitus
, hypertension, autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Diabetes and hypertension predispose patients to small-vessel disease.
What are the 3 major types of epidemiologic studies?
Three major types of epidemiologic studies are
cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies
(study designs are discussed in more detail in IOM, 2000). A cohort, or longitudinal, study follows a defined group over time.
What are the 5 main objectives of epidemiology?
In the mid-1980s, five major tasks of epidemiology in public health practice were identified:
public health surveillance, field investigation, analytic studies, evaluation, and linkages.
What are the two types of epidemiology?
Epidemiologic studies fall into two categories:
experimental and observational
.
What are the 5 causes of disease?
- Bacteria. These one-cell organisms are responsible for illnesses such as strep throat, urinary tract infections and tuberculosis.
- Viruses. Even smaller than bacteria, viruses cause a multitude of diseases ranging from the common cold to AIDS.
- Fungi. …
- Parasites.
What are the 5 diseases?
- Hepatitis B. According to current statistics, hepatitis B is the most common infectious disease in the world, affecting some 2 billion people — that’s more than one-quarter of the world’s population. …
- Malaria. …
- Hepatitis C. …
- Dengue. …
- Tuberculosis.
What are major diseases?
- CAD.
- Stroke.
- Respiratory illness.
- COPD.
- Cancers.
- Diabetes.
- Alzheimer’s disease.
- Diarrhea.
What are the 4 aspects of pathology?
The four aspects of a disease process that form the core of pathological process are
its cause (etiology), the mechanisms of its development (pathogenesis), the structural alterations induced in the cells and proceed organs of the body (morphologic changes), and the functional consequences of the morphologic changes (
…
What is difference between infection and disease?
Infection, often the first step, occurs when bacteria, viruses or other microbes that cause disease enter your body and begin
to multiply
. Disease occurs when the cells in your body are damaged — as a result of the infection — and signs and symptoms of an illness appear.
What is pathophysiology of a disease?
Pathophysiology:
Deranged function in an individual or an organ due to a disease
. For example, a pathophysiologic alteration is a change in function as distinguished from a structural defect.
