Geomorphic cross-cutting relationships occur where a surficial feature, such as a river, flows through a gap in a ridge of rock . In a similar example, an impact crater excavates into a subsurface layer of rock. Cross-cutting relationships may be seen cartographically, megascopically, and microscopically.
What are the 6 cross cutting principles?
It relies on six cross-cutting principles and approaches: universal health coverage of essential health social services; human rights whereby mental health strategies, actions and interventions for treatment, prevention and promotion must be compliant with human rights instruments ; evidence-based practice in which ...
What is the principle of cross cutting relation?
A geologic object can not be altered until it exists , meaning, the change to the object must be younger than the object itself.
What are the two features that are included in the Law of cross cutting?
Any geologic feature that crosscuts or modifies another feature must be younger than the rocks it cuts through. The cross-cutting feature is the younger feature because there must be something previously there to cross-cut. Cross-cutting features can include folds, faults, and igneous intrusions .
What type of rock usually undergo cross cutting?
A geologic cross section: Sedimentary rocks (A-C), igneous intrusion (D), fault (E). The principle of cross-cutting relationships states that a fault or intrusion is younger than the rocks that it cuts through. The fault cuts through all three sedimentary rock layers (A, B, and C) and also the intrusion (D).
How does cross-cutting work?
Cross-cutting is an editing technique most often used in films to establish action occurring at the same time, and usually in the same place. In a cross-cut, the camera will cut away from one action to another action , which can suggest the simultaneity of these two actions but this is not always the case.
What causes cross-cutting relationships?
Sedimentologic cross-cutting relationships occur where currents have eroded or scoured older sediment in a local area to produce , for example, a channel filled with sand . Paleontologic cross-cutting relationships occur where animal activity or plant growth produce truncation.
What is older a dike or a fault?
Faults, dikes, erosion, etc., must be younger than the material that is faulted, intruded, or eroded . ... But, since the rhyolite dike does not cut across the shale, we know the shale is younger than the rhyolite dike. In the diagram to the right,the fault cuts the limestone and the sandstone, but does not cut the basalt.
What is the cross cutting law?
Quick Reference. An igneous rock, fault, or other geologic feature must be younger than any rock across which it cuts .
What is the law of inclusions?
The Law of Inclusions was also described by James Hutton and stated that if a rock body (Rock B) contained fragments of another rock body (Rock A), it must be younger than the fragments of rock it contained . The intruding rock (Rock A) must have been there first to provide the fragments.
What are the three types of unconformities?
- ANGULAR UNCONFORMITIES.
- DISCONFORMITIES.
- NONCONFORMITIES.
What are the four geologic principles?
There are several basic principles that geologists use to figure out the history of a rock: Uniformitarianism . Original horizontality . Superposition .
Which principle tells you how rock layers are laid?
Law of superposition , a major principle of stratigraphy stating that within a sequence of layers of sedimentary rock, the oldest layer is at the base and that the layers are progressively younger with ascending order in the sequence.
What are intrusive relationships?
The principle of intrusive relationships concerns crosscutting intrusions . In geology, when an igneous intrusion cuts across a formation of sedimentary rock, it can be determined that the igneous intrusion is younger than the sedimentary rock. ... As a result, xenoliths are older than the rock which contains them.
How can a rock’s absolute age be determined?
Absolute dating methods determine how much time has passed since rocks formed by measuring the radioactive decay of isotopes or the effects of radiation on the crystal structure of minerals . Paleomagnetism measures the ancient orientation of the Earth’s magnetic field to help determine the age of rocks.
Which rock is younger in a cross cutting relationship?
The principle of cross-cutting relationships states that a fault or intrusion is younger than the rocks that it cuts through. The fault labeled ‘E’ cuts through all three sedimentary rock layers (A, B, and C) and also cuts through the intrusion (D). So the fault must be the youngest formation that is seen.
