- Form and innate chemical activity.
- Dosage , especially dose -time relationship.
- Exposure route.
- Species.
- Life stage, such as infant, young adult, or elderly adult.
- Gender.
- Ability to be absorbed.
- Metabolism.
Which factors determine toxicity?
Many factors (e.g.:
anatomy and physiology, genetic variability, sex and hormonal status
, environmental factor such as temperature, pH, UV, etc.) can influence the rates of absorption, metabolism and excretion, or even the distribution of the chemical within the body.
What are 4 ways that most people are exposed to toxins?
There are four routes by which a substance can enter the body:
inhalation, skin (or eye) absorption, ingestion, and injection
.
What are the four major types of toxic substances?
Types. There are generally five types of toxic entities;
chemical, biological, physical, radiation and behavioural toxicity
: Disease-causing microorganisms and parasites are toxic in a broad sense but are generally called pathogens rather than toxicants.
What are the 4 routes of exposure?
- inhalation,
- ingestion,
- contact with skin and eyes, or.
- injection.
What are the 5 factors that affect toxicity?
- Form and innate chemical activity.
- Dosage , especially dose -time relationship.
- Exposure route.
- Species.
- Life stage, such as infant, young adult, or elderly adult.
- Gender.
- Ability to be absorbed.
- Metabolism.
What is chronic toxicity?
Chronic toxicity is defined as
adverse effects occurring after the repeated or continuous administration of a test sample for a major part of the life span
. For rodents, this is usually considered to be six months in duration. The study design and endpoints evaluated are similar to the subchronic toxicity.
What is the most common target organ of toxicity?
In vitro models are developed using cells or tissues from the organs that are the typical targets of toxicity.
The liver
is the primary site for the metabolism of many chemicals and drugs by the body and is also the primary site of potential toxic injury (hepatotoxicity).
What is the most common route of poisoning?
There are several different ways poisons can enter the body. How a person is exposed to a poison is called the “route of exposure.” The most common route of exposure to a poisonous substance is
through eating or drinking (ingestion)
.
What are the three ways people are exposed to toxins?
The different ways a person can come into contact with hazardous chemicals are called exposure pathways. There are three basic exposure pathways:
inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact
. Inhalation is breathing or inhaling into the lungs. Ingestion is taking something in by mouth.
What are the 6 classes of toxins?
- 1 – PFAS. …
- 2 – Antimicrobials. …
- 3 – Flame Retardants. …
- 4 – Bisphenols + Phthalates. …
- 5 – Some Solvents. …
- 6 – Certain Metals.
What are examples of toxins?
- botulinum toxin A (from bacteria Clostridium botulinum)
- tetanus toxin A (from bacteria – Clostridium tetani)
- diphtheria toxin (from bacteria – Corynebacterium diphtheriae)
- dioxin (manufactured)
- muscarine (from mushrooms – Amanita muscaria)
- bufotoxin (from the common toad – genus Bufo)
- sarin (manufactured).
What is toxicity in the body?
Toxic overload can
cause a number of changes in your body
. In the early stages, your body try to expel those toxins by any means necessary. You may experience diarrhea, sneezing or coughing fits, excessive urination, sore throat, heartburn, nasal congestion or runny nose (from mucus overproduction), or vomiting.
What are the 2 main routes of entry of h2s into your body?
Main Routes of Exposure:
Inhalation; eye contact
. Inhalation: VERY TOXIC, can cause death.
What are the 5 routes of exposure?
Inhalation
(breathing) Skin (or eye) contact. Swallowing (ingestion or eating) Injection.
What is the most effective way of controlling risks?
Elimination
is the process of removing the hazard from the workplace. It is the most effective way to control a risk because the hazard is no longer present.
