According to Sutherland, associations vary in
frequency, duration, priority, and intensity
.
What is characteristic of differential association?
Differential association is the
specific causal process in the development of systematic criminal behavior
. The chance that a person will participate in systematic criminal behavior is determined roughly by the frequency and consistency of his contacts with the patterns of criminal behavior.
What is an example of differential association theory?
A person becomes a criminal because of frequent criminal patterns
. For example, if one is exposed to a repeated criminal scenario, this scenario will eventually rub off on others nearby. The differential association theory can differ in frequency, duration, priority and intensity.
What are the elements of differential association theory?
In criminology, differential association is a theory developed by Edwin Sutherland proposing
that through interaction with others, individuals learn the values, attitudes, techniques, and motives for criminal behavior
.
What are the three characteristics that affect differential association?
Differential associations may vary in
frequency, duration, priority, and intensity
. The process of learning criminal behavior by association with criminal and anti-criminal patterns involves all of the mechanisms that are involved in any other learning.
Which of the following is a weakness of differential association theory?
P: A weakness of the differential association theory is
that it is difficult to test despite Sutherlands promise to provide scientific, mathematical framework
. E: For example, it is hard to see how, for instance, the number of pro criminal attitudes a person has, or had been exposed to, could be measured.
What are the 9 principles of differential association theory?
Nine Propositions of Differential Association Theory
All criminal behavior is learned
. Criminal behavior is learned through interactions with others via a process of communication. Most learning about criminal behavior happens in intimate personal groups and relationships.
Which of the following is the major principle of differential association?
Sutherland’s theory, differential association theory, maintains that
criminal behavior is learned, and it is learned the same way any other behavior is learned
: through interpersonal communication and social interaction in small, intimate groups.
What is wrong with differential association theory?
Criticism of Sutherland’s Differential Association theory includes the
assumption that Sutherland was suggesting the mere interaction with criminals would lead an individual to criminal behavior
. … They disregarded Sutherland’s view that criminal behavior was learned in primary reference groups.
What is meant by differential association?
:
abnormal distribution of personal associations
specifically : a theory in sociology: continuous contact with criminals is chiefly responsible for the development of criminal behavior in an individual.
What is differential identification theory?
It is supplemented by many other groups of anti-criminal “generalized others.” The theory of differential identification, in essence, is that
a person pursues criminal behavior to the extent that he identifies himself with real or imaginary persons from whose perspective his criminal behavior seems ac- ceptable.
In differential association theory, Sutherland focuses mainly
on one’s exposure to the definitions of others
. In social learning theory, definitions refer primarily to the attitudes formulated by the individual following exposure to the definitions of others.
What is the important quality of differential association theory?
An important quality of differential association theory is
the frequency and intensity of interaction
. The amount of time that a person is exposed to a particular definition and at what point the interaction began are both crucial for explaining criminal activity.
What are the four varying differential associations?
Differential associations may vary in
frequency, duration, priority, and intensity
.
Which of the following is a criticism of differential association theory?
Which of the following is a criticism of differential association theory?
It accounts only for the communication of criminal values, not their emergence
. Social control theories focus on: The process through which social integration develops.
What are the key assumptions of Sutherland’s differential association theory?
Edwin Sutherland’s theory of differential association assumes
that criminal behavior is learned through contact with individuals who are themselves criminal
. It is therefore also called the “theory of differential contacts”.
