- the normal force due to the pressure on the surface of the body.
- the shear force due to the viscosity of the gas, also known as skin friction.
What causes aerodynamic drag?
Drag is generated by
the difference in velocity between the solid object and the fluid
. There must be motion between the object and the fluid. … We can think of drag as aerodynamic friction, and one of the sources of drag is the skin friction between the molecules of the air and the solid surface of the aircraft.
How are aerodynamic forces generated?
Aerodynamic forces are mechanical forces. They are generated by
the interaction and contact of a solid body with a fluid, a liquid or a gas
.
What are the impacts of aerodynamic forces?
Geometry has a large effect on the aerodynamic forces generated by an object.
Lift and drag depend linearly on the size of the object moving through the air
. The cross-sectional shape of an object determines the form drag created by the pressure variation around the object.
What are the 2 main sources causing the development of aerodynamic forces and moments explain each?
The force exerted on a body whenever there is a relative velocity between the body and the air. There are only two basic sources of aerodynamic force:
the pressure distribution and the frictional shear stress distribution exerted by the airflow on the body surface
.
What is an aerodynamic shape?
Aerodynamic shape optimization, or aerodynamic design optimization consists in maximizing the performance of a given body (such as an airfoil or wing)
by changing its shape
.
What are the 4 forces of aerodynamics?
These same four forces help an airplane fly. The four forces are
lift, thrust, drag, and weight
. As a Frisbee flies through the air, lift holds it up.
How do you reduce drag?
- Using an aero helmet to reduce the low-pressure zone directly behind the head.
- Keeping the body as low as possible so air stays attached as it flows over the back.
What are the 3 types of drag?
There are three types of parasite drag:
form drag, interference drag, and skin friction
.
What is the most aerodynamic shape?
The most aerodynamically-efficient shape for a vehicle is, in theory,
a teardrop
. A smooth shape minimises drag and the profile, if correctly configured, keeps airflow attached to the surface rather than breaking free and causing turbulence.
Where do aerodynamic forces act?
All aerodynamic forces act on
a vehicle through boundary layer
, the thin layer of air closest to the body surface. The boundary layer is of special interest because it behaves differently from the bulk of the air around the vehicle, being slowed down by friction.
What are the main sources of aerodynamic forces?
- the normal force due to the pressure on the surface of the body.
- the shear force due to the viscosity of the gas, also known as skin friction.
What shape makes a car go faster?
The shape of the
chasis
is similar to an upside down airfoil. The air moving under the car moves faster than that above it, creating downforce or negative lift on the car. Airfoils or wings are also used in the front and rear of the car in an effort to generate more downforce.
What are factors that affect drag?
Drag depends directly on
the mass of the flow going past the aircraft
. The drag also depends in a complex way on two other properties of the air: its viscosity and its compressibility. These factors affect the wave drag and skin friction which are described above.
What is the purpose of aerodynamics?
Aerodynamics is
the way objects move through air
. The rules of aerodynamics explain how an airplane is able to fly. Anything that moves through air is affected by aerodynamics, from a rocket blasting off, to a kite flying. Since they are surrounded by air, even cars are affected by aerodynamics.
