The most obvious signs of emotional arousal involve changes in the activity of the visceral motor (autonomic) system (see Chapter 21). Thus, increases or decreases in heart rate, cutaneous blood flow (blushing or turning pale),
piloerection, sweating, and gastrointestinal motility
can all accompany various emotions.
What are physiological emotions?
The forebrain can generate physiological feelings without actual peripheral events. • Interacting networks of afferent and efferent signals generate physiological feelings. • Physiological feelings contribute
to survival, reproduction and emotion regulation
.
What are some physiological reactions?
Examples include
changes in heart rate, respiration, perspiration, and eye pupil dilation
. Changes in perspiration are measured by galvanic skin response measurements to detect changes in electrical conductivity. Such nervous system changes can be correlated with emotional responses to interaction events.
What are reactions in emotions?
When we feel stressed, angry, or hurt, we tend to react impulsively. We are in a state of fight-or-flight and tend to react emotionally, that is, to
overreact
. That overreaction is emotional reactivity. In that moment, our perceptions of the situation are altered.
What are the psychological reactions to emotions?
Emotional psychologist Paul Ekman identified six basic emotions that could be interpreted through facial expressions. They included
happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise and disgust
.
How does emotion affect behavior?
Emotion has a substantial influence on
the cognitive processes
in humans, including perception, attention, learning, memory, reasoning, and problem solving. Emotion has a particularly strong influence on attention, especially modulating the selectivity of attention as well as motivating action and behavior.
What are the physiological effects of sadness?
Some studies have reported that when we feel sadness,
heart rate (HR) accelerates
or the skin conductance level (SCL) increases (e.g., Ekman et al., 1983), while others have reported that HR decreases or the SCL drops (e.g., Krumhansl, 1997).
What is emotional and physiological states?
Our emotional states are
combinations of physiological arousal, psychological appraisal, and subjective experiences
. Together, these are known as the components of emotion. These appraisals are informed by our experiences, backgrounds, and cultures.
What are the 3 theories of emotion?
The major theories of emotion can be grouped into three main categories:
physiological, neurological, and cognitive
.
What is a physiological response?
Physiological responses happen
when we perceive that we’re under stress or danger
, whether it’s real or imagined. The fight or flight response is your body’s way of protecting you by producing stress hormones, cortisol, and adrenaline so that you can be ready to either fight or run.
What are 5 physiological responses to stress?
Increase in heart rate
.
Increase in breathing (lungs dilate) Decrease in digestive activity
(don’t feel hungry) Liver released glucose for energy.
What are physiological signs?
Physiological symptoms are
the physical symptoms that occur when you feel anxious or under display
. These are bodily reactions, and may be apparent to other people. Note that they are always stronger and more apparent to the person exhibiting them than to the person displaying them.
What are physiological signs of pain?
- dilatation of the pupils and/or wide opening of the eyelids.
- changes in blood pressure and heart rate.
- increased respiration rate and/or depth.
- pilo-erection.
- changes in skin and body temperature.
- increased muscle tone.
- sweating.
- increased defaecation and urination (Kania et al 1997)
What are 5 emotional signs of stress?
- Depression or anxiety.
- Anger, irritability, or restlessness.
- Feeling overwhelmed, unmotivated, or unfocused.
- Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much.
- Racing thoughts or constant worry.
- Problems with your memory or concentration.
- Making bad decisions.
How do I stop reacting emotionally?
- Take a look at the impact of your emotions. Intense emotions aren’t all bad. …
- Aim for regulation, not repression. …
- Identify what you’re feeling. …
- Accept your emotions — all of them. …
- Keep a mood journal. …
- Take a deep breath. …
- Know when to express yourself. …
- Give yourself some space.
What’s the difference between feelings and emotions?
What are feelings? While emotions are associated with bodily reactions that are activated through neurotransmitters and hormones released by the brain, feelings are
the conscious experience of emotional reactions
.
