There are well-developed principles and theories within evolutionary psychology that have sparked considerable empirical research. In this chapter, four major theories are explored—
(1) prepared learning, (2) inclusive fitness and kin selection, (3) reciprocity and cooperation, and (4) parental investment
.
What is the basic premise of evolutionary psychology?
Evolutionary psychology, the study of behaviour, thought, and feeling as viewed through the lens of evolutionary biology. Evolutionary psychologists
presume all human behaviours
reflect the influence of physical and psychological predispositions that helped human ancestors survive and reproduce.
What is the main focus of evolutionary psychology?
In short, evolutionary psychology is focused
on how evolution has shaped the mind and behavior
. Though applicable to any organism with a nervous system, most research in evolutionary psychology focuses on humans.
What are the basic concepts of evolutionary perspective?
Basics of the Evolutionary Perspective
The evolutionary perspective considers many different traits which include
memory, perception and language
. In this perspective, however, it considers these traits as adaptations that have occurred within the human body over time.
How do you explain evolutionary psychology?
Evolutionary psychology is a scientific discipline that
approaches human behavior through a lens that incorporates the effects of evolution
. It combines the science of psychology with the study of biology.
What is wrong with evolutionary psychology?
A frequent criticism of evolutionary psychology is that its
hypotheses are difficult or impossible to test
, challenging its status as an empirical science. … They allege that evolutionary psychology can predict many, or even all, behaviours for a given situation, including contradictory ones.
What are the three main criticisms of evolutionary psychology?
Criticisms include 1) disputes about the testability of evolutionary hypotheses, 2) alternatives to some of the cognitive assumptions (such as massive modularity) frequently employed in evolutionary psychology,
3) claimed vagueness stemming from evolutionary assumptions (e.g. uncertainty about the environment of
…
What are the 5 theories of evolution?
The five theories were:
(1) evolution as such, (2) common descent, (3) gradualism, (4) multiplication of species
, and (5) natural selection.
Is evolutionary psychology still used today?
Although still a relatively young academic discipline, in less than 20 years it has
penetrated virtually every existing branch of psychology
, including social, organizational, cognitive, developmental, clinical and environmental psychology (Fitzgerald and Whitaker, 2010).
What is an example of evolutionary theory?
For example, a phenomenon known as
genetic drift can also cause species to evolve
. In genetic drift, some organisms—purely by chance—produce more offspring than would be expected. … Charles Darwin is more famous than his contemporary Alfred Russel Wallace who also developed the theory of evolution by natural selection.
What are the key themes of evolutionary theory?
The four key points of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution are:
individuals of a species are not identical; traits are passed from generation to generation
; more offspring are born than can survive; and only the survivors of the competition for resources will reproduce.
What is the meaning of evolutionary perspective?
To use an evolutionary perspective is to consider all behaviors
(such as fears, prejudices, relationships, etc.) as the result of evolutionary processes
. This perspective takes the stance that behaviors came into existence as a result of adaptations to living conditions.
What are the personality components of evolutionary theory?
Evolutionary personality psychology suggests that human personality variation is a meaningful and relevant source of human diversity, and that
different combinations of heritable personality traits biologically prepare individuals to exploit the different social niches they inhabit
.
Why is evolutionary psychology important?
Evolutionary psychology and cognitive neuropsychology are mutually compatible – evolutionary psychology
helps to identify psychological adaptations and their ultimate, evolutionary functions
, while neuropsychology helps to identify the proximate manifestations of these adaptations.
How does evolutionary psychology explain human behavior?
Evolutionary psychology
assumes that human behaviour is being shaped, indeed determined, by processes of natural selection
: those modes of behaviour that favour the replication of the genome will preferentially survive.
How do you become an evolutionary psychologist?
What Credentials Do I Need to Become an Evolutionary Psychologist?
A doctoral degree in psychology
(or a related discipline such as evolutionary biology or biological anthropology) is usually necessary to pursue a career as an evolutionary psychologist.
