Adaptive immunity has again two branches-
humoral and cell mediated
. It should be noted that both innate and adaptive immunities do not work independently. Moreover, most of the immune responses involve the activity and interplay of both the humoral and the cell-mediated immune branches of the immune system.
What are the two main branches of the immune system?
The immune system fights germs and foreign substances on the skin, in the tissues of the body and in bodily fluids such as blood. The immune system is made up of two parts:
the innate, (general) immune system and the adaptive (specialized) immune system.
What are the 2 types of adaptive immunity?
Adaptive immune responses are carried out by white blood cells called lymphocytes. There are two broad classes of such responses—
antibody responses and cell-mediated immune responses
, and they are carried out by different classes of lymphocytes, called B cells and T cells, respectively.
What are the main parts of the adaptive immune system?
Adaptive immunity
It is characterized by specificity, immunological memory, and self/nonself recognition. The response involves clonal selection of lymphocytes that respond to a specific antigen.
T cells and B cells
are the two major components of adaptive immunity.
What are the two parts of the adaptive immune system quizlet?
The two parts of the adaptive immune system are
humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity
.
What are the 4 types of adaptive immunity?
- naturally acquired active immunity.
- naturally acquired passive immunity.
- artificially acquired active immunity.
What triggers the adaptive immune system?
Adaptive immunity is triggered
when a pathogen evades the innate immune system for long enough to generate a threshold level of an antigen
. An antigen is any molecule that induces an immune response, such as a toxin or molecular component of a pathogen cell membrane, and is unique to each species of pathogen.
Is skin part of the immune system?
As a protective interface between internal organs and the environment, the skin encounters a host of toxins, pathogenic organisms, and physical stresses. To combat these attacks on the cutaneous microenvironment, the skin functions as more than a physical barrier:
it is an active immune organ
.
What are the five parts of the immune system?
The main parts of the immune system are:
white blood cells, antibodies, the complement system, the lymphatic system, the spleen, the thymus, and the bone marrow
.
What organ controls the immune system?
Primary lymphoid organs: These organs include the bone marrow and
the thymus
. They create special immune system cells called lymphocytes. Secondary lymphoid organs: These organs include the lymph nodes, the spleen, the tonsils and certain tissue in various mucous membrane layers in the body (for instance in the bowel).
What are the 3 major functions of the immune system?
- to fight disease-causing germs (pathogens) like bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi, and to remove them from the body,
- to recognize and neutralize harmful substances from the environment, and.
- to fight disease-causing changes in the body, such as cancer cells.
What is the difference between the innate and adaptive immune system?
The immune response is broken down into
innate immunity
, which an organism is born with, and adaptive immunity, which an organism acquires following disease exposure.
What are examples of adaptive immunity?
Adaptive immunity can provide long-lasting protection, sometimes for the person's entire lifetime. For example, someone
who recovers from measles is now protected against measles for their lifetime
; in other cases it does not provide lifetime protection, as with chickenpox.
Which system is responsible for the adaptive immune system quizlet?
White blood cells that spend most of their time in the tissues and organs of
the lymphatic system
and are responsible for adaptive immunity. When some immature lymphocytes continue developing in the bone marrow they are referred to as these (also called B lymphocytes).
Which cells are part of the internal immune system?
The cells of the immune system can be categorized as
lymphocytes (T-cells, B-cells and NK cells)
, neutrophils, and monocytes/macrophages. These are all types of white blood cells.
What is the role of antibodies in the immune system choose all that apply?
Antibodies have three main functions: 1)
Antibodies are secreted into the blood and mucosa, where they bind to and inactivate foreign substances such as pathogens and toxins
(neutralization). 2) Antibodies activate the complement system to destroy bacterial cells by lysis (punching holes in the cell wall).
