This article examines our current understanding of these processes by looking at five different areas of social cognitive research:
person perception and stereotypes, socioemotional selectivity, collaborative cognition, morality, and positive psychology
.
Four processes of social cognition are reviewed including:
(1) cognitive architecture; (2) automaticity and control
; (3) motivated reasoning; and (4) accessibility, frames, and expectations.
There are, however, two importantly different types of unconscious social cognition:
(i) unconsciousness of the influences on judgment and behavior
and (ii) unconsciousness of the mental states (i.e., attitudes and feelings) that give rise to such judgments and behaviors.
The Social Cognitive Theory is composed of four processes of goal realization:
self-observation, self-evaluation, self-reaction and self-efficacy
(Redmond, 2010). The four components are interrelated and all have an effect on motivation and goal attainment (Redmond, 2010).
Self-control
: Regulating and monitoring individual behavior. Observational learning: Watching and observing outcomes of others performing or modeling the desired behavior. Reinforcements: Promoting incentives and rewards that encourage behavior change.
Normative social influence is usually associated with compliance, where a person changes their public behaviour but not their private beliefs. For example, a
person may feel pressurised to smoke because
the rest of their friends are. … This means any change of behavior is temporary.
- How Should We Study Social Cognition? …
- The Information Processing Account. …
- Stimuli Should Be Dynamic, Multimodal, and Context-Embedded. …
- Stimuli Should Be Interactive. …
- Responses Should Be Assessed Dynamically. …
- Responses Should Be Assessed for Accuracy. …
- Factors Influencing the Generalizability of Social Cognition Research.
Social cognition refers to
our thoughts about and interpretations of ourselves and other people
. Over time, we develop schemas and attitudes to help us better understand and more successfully interact with others. Affect refers to the feelings that we experience as part of life and includes both moods and emotions.
A few common such biases include the fundamental attribution error, the
self-serving bias
, the actor-observer bias, and the just-world hypothesis.
Social cognition refers to
a set of processes
, ranging from perception to decision-making, underlying the ability to decode others’ intentions and behaviors to plan actions fitting with social and moral, besides individual and economic considerations.
Social cognition
concerns the various psychological processes that enable individuals to take advantage of being part of a social group
. Of major importance to social cognition are the various social signals that enable us to learn about the world.
Cognitive social learning theory takes into account
the mutual influences of the individual, the physical and psychosocial environment and the task or behavior to be learned
. All these factors are important in learning.
For example, when you
compare yourself to your friends you might feel that you are pretty physically fit
. So, you might sign up for a marathon believing that you have the ability to finish with no problem.
Social-Cognitive Learning Theory Activities
Think of a time that you have learned a skill or behavior from observing another person. For example, you may have
learned altruistic behavior from seeing your parents bring food to a homeless person
, or you may have learned how to train a dog from watching The Dog Whisperer.
The key concepts of SCT can be grouped into five major categories: (1)
psychological determinants of behavior (outcome expectations, self-efficacy, and collective efficacy)
, (2) observational learning, (3) environmental determinants of behavior (incentive motivation, facilitation), (4) self-regulation, and (5) moral …
What are the 3 main cognitive theories?
The three cognitive theories are
Piaget’s developmental theory, Lev Vygotsky’s social cultural cognitive theory, and the information process theory
.
