The misinformation effect refers to the
tendency for post-event information to interfere with the memory of the original event
. Researchers have shown that the introduction of even relatively subtle information following an event can have a dramatic effect on how people remember.
What best describes the misinformation effect quizlet?
What is the misinformation effect?
Creation of fictitious memories by providing misleading information about an event after it takes place
.
Which of the following describes the misinformation effect?
Which of the following statements best defines the misinformation effect?
Incorporating misleading or incorrect information into a memory
.
Who described misinformation effect?
The misinformation effect has been studied since the mid-1970s.
Elizabeth Loftus
is one of the most influential researchers in the field.
What is the misinformation effect examples?
Examples of the Misinformation Effect
When asked the question, ‘
How fast were the cars going when they smashed into each other?'
the answer typically involved a higher rate of speed than when the question was phrased, ‘How fast were the cars going when they bumped into each other?'
How does misinformation affect memory?
The misinformation effect refers to the
tendency for post-event information to interfere with the memory of the original event
. … It also raises concerns about the reliability of memory—particularly when the memories of eyewitnesses (eyewitness testimony) is used to determine criminal guilt.
Which of the following best describes the primacy effect?
The primacy effect refers to
information recalled at the beginning of a task
, and the recency effect refers to information retained at the end of a task.
Who studied the misinformation effect quizlet?
Terms in this set (8)
Elizabeth Loftus
did extensive research on memory, studied false memories as well as recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse. She also developed the misinformation effect paradigm, which holds that after exposure to incorrect information, a person may misremember the original event.
What are the three steps in memory information processing?
Remembering episodes involves three processes:
encoding information (learning it, by perceiving it and relating it to past knowledge), storing it (maintaining it over time), and then retrieving it (accessing the information when needed)
.
What is the average age of first memory?
On average the earliest memories that people can recall point back to when they were just
two-and-a-half years old
, a new study suggests. On average the earliest memories that people can recall point back to when they were just two-and-a-half years old, a new study suggests.
What is an example of motivated forgetting?
Motivated forgetting is also defined as a form of conscious coping strategy. For instance, a
person might direct his/her mind towards unrelated topics when something reminds them of unpleasant events
.
Which is a good example of semantic encoding?
Chunking and mnemonics (discussed below) aid in semantic encoding; sometimes, deep processing and optimal retrieval occurs. For example, you
might remember a particular phone number based on a person's name or a particular food by its color
.
What are false memories?
A false memory is
a recollection that seems real in your mind but is fabricated in part or in whole
. … However, some false memories can have significant consequences, including in court or legal settings where false memories may convict someone wrongfully.
Can flashbulb memories be forgotten?
Evidence has shown that although people are highly confident in their memories,
the details of the memories can be forgotten
. Flashbulb memories are one type of autobiographical memory.
How does forgetting happen?
Trace decay theory states that forgetting occurs
as a result of the automatic decay or fading of the memory trace
. Trace decay theory focuses on time and the limited duration of short term memory. … The longer the time, the more the memory trace decays and as a consequence more information is forgotten.
How can misinformation effect be reduced?
Enhanced encoding can
reduce the misinformation effect (e.g., Lane, 2006; Pezdek & Roe, 1995), as can increasing memory monitoring at test by requiring participants to specify the source of reported details via a source‐monitoring test (e.g., Lindsay & Johnson, 1989).
