What Criteria Is Key To Evaluate Inductive Arguments?

Inductive arguments cannot be evaluated simply in terms of whether they are valid or invalid. In fact, and this is important: the terms validity and invalidity do not apply to inductive arguments at all. Rather, when we evaluate inductive arguments we will be evaluating them in

terms of strength and weakness

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What are the two standards for evaluating an inductive argument?

EVALUATING INDUCTION AND INDUCTIVE ARGUMENTS

Inductive arguments can be evaluated along a continuum from weak to strong. (2)

Formal strength (Relevance and Sufficiency of the support provided by the premises for the conclusion)

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What are the three criteria used to evaluate inductive arguments?

What do we call a form of inductive reasoning where a student believes that her softball team’s recent winning streak is due to the fact that she has been wearing her good luck jersey? The three general guidelines to keep in mind when testing a plausible hypothesis are:

explanatory power, economy, and predictive power

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What are the requirements of a good inductive argument?

An inductive argument is an argument that is intended by the arguer to

be strong enough that, if the premises were to be true

, then it would be unlikely that the conclusion is false. So, an inductive argument’s success or strength is a matter of degree, unlike with deductive arguments.

What are the five types of reasoning identified for inductive arguments?

• Generalized. This is the simple example given above, with the white swans. …
• Statistical. This form uses statistics based on a large and random sample set, and its quantifiable nature makes the conclusions stronger. …
• Bayesian. …
• Analogical. …
• Predictive. …
• Causal inference.

What is red herring fallacy?

This fallacy consists

in diverting attention from the real issue by focusing instead on an issue having only a surface relevance to the first

. Examples: Son: “Wow, Dad, it’s really hard to make a living on my salary.” Father: “Consider yourself lucky, son. Why, when I was your age, I only made $40 a week.”

What is inductive argument example?

An example of inductive logic is, “

The coin I pulled from the bag is a penny

. … Therefore, all the coins in the bag are pennies.” Even if all of the premises are true in a statement, inductive reasoning allows for the conclusion to be false. Here’s an example: “Harold is a grandfather.

What are the parameters to evaluate arguments?

• Identify the conclusion and the premises.
• Put the argument in standard form.
• Decide if the argument is deductive or non-deductive.
• Determine whether the argument succeeds logically.
• If the argument succeeds logically, assess whether the premises are true.

What are the 5 Steps to Analyzing an argument?

The five steps of analyzing arguments include:

Determining what the arguer MEANS, CONSECUTIVELY numbering arguments, identifying the argument’s MAIN CLAIM, DIAGRAMMING the argument, and CRITIQUING the argument

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Why do we need to evaluate argument?

One evaluates arguments by

assessing their quality

, i.e., how good they are as arguments. … An argument’s purpose is to compel a listener to believe the conclusion on the basis of the reasons given in support. To be a good argument, it must supply agreeable reasons that make the conclusion seem clearly true.

What are the 4 types of arguments?

• Type 1: Deductive Arguments.
• Type 2: Inductive Arguments.
• Type 3: Toulmin Argument.
• Type 4: Rogerian Argument.

What are the 2 types of logic?

The two main types of reasoning involved in the discipline of Logic are

deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning

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What is a strong argument?

Definition: A strong argument is

a non-deductive argument that succeeds in providing probable, but not conclusive, logical support for its conclusion

. A weak argument is a non-deductive argument that fails to provide probable support for its conclusion.

Which is a trait of standard form arguments?

The standard form of an argument is a way of presenting the argument which

makes clear which statements are premises

, how many premises there are, and which statements is the conclusion. In standard form, the conclusion of the argument is listed last.

What are the 7 types of reasoning?

• Deductive reasoning.
• Inductive reasoning.
• Analogical reasoning.
• Abductive reasoning.
• Cause-and-effect reasoning.
• Critical thinking.
• Decompositional reasoning.

What are the steps of inductive method?

1. The inductive approach begins with a set of empirical observations, seeking patterns in those observations, and then theorizing about those patterns.
2. The deductive approach begins with a theory, developing hypotheses from that theory, and then collecting and analyzing data to test those hypotheses.