| Niko Tinbergen | Known for One of the founders of ethology Hawk/goose effect Tinbergen’s four questions | Spouse(s) Elisabeth Rutten (1912–1990) | Children 5 | Awards Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1973) FRS (1962) |
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What animal did Niko Tinbergen study?
For his dissertation, Tinbergen studied
bee-killer wasps
and was able to experimentally demonstrate that the wasps use landmarks to orientate themselves. Tinbergen first established the traditional routes of the wasps near their burrows, then altered the landscape to see how the wasps’ behavior would be affected.
What is Niko Tinbergen famous for?
Niko Tinbergen played a
crucial role in the development of ethology – the objective study of animal behaviour
. His legacy was a school of renowned researchers in this field, including Gerard Baerends, Richard Dawkins and Desmond Morris.
What animal is Tinbergen most famous for observing?
He is especially well known for his long-term observations of
sea gulls
, which led to important generalizations on courtship and mating behaviour. Among his more important writings are The Herring Gull’s World (1953; rev.
What animals did Tinbergen 1951 use to investigate aggression in non human animals?
Tinbergen (1951) undertook an experiment with
male sticklebacks
. This species of fish is very territorial and aggressive. In the mating season they develop a red spot on their underside. Tinbergen observed that at this time male sticklebacks will attack another male stickleback that enters their territory.
Who is the greatest ethologist?
- Ivan Pavlov.
- Karl Von Frisch.
- Niko Tinbergen.
- Konrad Lorenz.
- B. F. Skinner.
What is Tinbergen rule?
This refers to a rule of thumb which
states that policymakers trying to achieve multiple economic targets need to have control over at least one policy tool for each policy target
. This is because the achievement of certain economic targets precludes the achievement of others.
What is meant by stimulus filtering?
Stimulus filtering occurs when
an animal’s nervous system fails to respond to stimuli that would otherwise cause a reaction to occur
. The nervous system has developed the capability to perceive and distinguish between minute differences in stimuli, which allows the animal to only react to significant impetus.
What is the study of animal behavior?
Ethology
is the study of animal behaviour. It is a discipline with long traditions and one of few non-medicine biological disciplines that have generated Nobel prizes.
What is supernormal stimuli in biology?
A supernormal stimulus or superstimulus is
an exaggerated version of a stimulus to which there is an existing response tendency
, or any stimulus that elicits a response more strongly than the stimulus for which it evolved.
What is Konrad Lorenz theory?
Famously described by zoologist Konrad Lorenz in the 1930s, imprinting occurs when an animal forms an attachment to the first thing it sees upon hatching. Lorenz discovered that
newly hatched goslings would follow the first moving object they saw
— often Lorenz himself.
Who did Tinbergen mentor?
Tinbergen is famous for emphasizing behavioral fieldwork and experimentation under natural circumstances, for founding the field of ethology, for getting a Nobel Prize, and for mentoring
Richard Dawkins
. He is known for dividing behavior studies into physiology, development, natural selection, and evolutionary history.
What is innate behaviour?
Innate behavior is
behavior that’s genetically hardwired in an organism and can be performed in response to a cue without prior experience
. Reflex actions, such as the knee-jerk reflex tested by doctors and the sucking reflex of human infants, are very simple innate behaviors.
What is the purpose of aggression?
The goal of aggression is
to harm someone who doesn’t want to be harmed
. The motivation behind this varies from person to person. Someone may act aggressively as a response to pain or fear, while someone else may use aggression to achieve another goal, like taking another person’s money or property.
What is innate releasing mechanism in psychology?
innate releasing mechanism (IRM)
in ethology,
the hypothesized neurological means by which organisms exhibit a fixed action pattern given a particular releaser
, suggesting that there is a direct correspondence between a specific elicitor and a specific behavioral event.
What is ritualistic aggression?
Ritualistic aggression: Lorenz
observed that animals rarely engage in actual physical fighting
. Instead, time is spent on ritualistic ‘signals’ (e.g. facial expressions). Also, defeated animals show signs of ‘appeasement’ (acceptance of defeat), and are usually not killed.
