What distinguishes the concept of authority from status and dominance?
It refers to power that derives from institutionalized roles or arrangements
.
Raymond is in a position where he is able to control his own outcomes and those of others
. Which of the following terms best describes what Raymond posses. power.
Which of the following statements most accurately represents the factors that encourage social loafing among groups instead of social facilitation effects?
the belief that one’s effort is not mandatory for the group’s success and that individual contributions cannot be assessed.
What is one of the main characteristics of a perfect bureaucracy quizlet?
“A perfect bureaucracy has two main characteristics:
it runs on clear, impersonal rules, and it assigns responsibilities based on technical competence
.”
Which of the following is a challenge for understanding how media shapes our attitudes quizlet?
Which of the following is a challenge for understanding how media shapes our attitudes?
Researchers rely on people’s self-reports of what media they have watched
, which could be inaccurate. You just studied 20 terms!
Which of the following statements best represents something that a Japanese coach might say to a newspaper?
Which of the following statements best represents something that a Japanese coach might say to a newspaper reporter after winning a game?
“It seems as if the other team was tired and unprepared for this game.”
What distinguishes the concept of authority from status and dominance? It
refers to power that derives from institutionalized roles or arrangements
.
Raymond is in a position where he is able to control his own outcomes and those of others
. Which of the following terms best describes what Raymond posses. power.
To deal with these conflicting findings, Zajonc and Sales proposed in 1966 that the “dominant response” was the explanatory factor. 2. They argued that for tasks that come more naturally (the so-called dominant response),
performance would be facilitated or improved
.
What are the three defining features of a bureaucracy in your own words?
What is a bureaucracy? This is a system of organization and control that is based on three principles:
hierarchical authority, job specialization, and formalized rules
.
What are the three defining features of a bureaucracy?
Bureaucracies have four key characteristics:
a clear hierarchy, specialization, a division of labor, and a set of formal rules, or standard operating procedures
. America’s bureaucracy performs three primary functions to help the government run smoothly.
Which of these is a characteristic of dictatorships?
Dictatorships are often characterised by some of the following:
suspension of elections and civil liberties
; proclamation of a state of emergency; rule by decree; repression of political opponents; not abiding by the rule of law procedures, and cult of personality.
What factor is defined as groups made up of people with whom one regularly associates with?
Peer Groups
. People with whom one regularly associates, including friends, classmates, neighbors, co-workers, and the like, make up this.
The family, educational system, peer groups
, and the mass media all play a role. While family and school are important early in life, what our peers think and what we read in the newspaper and see on television have more influence on our political attitudes as adults.
Why are peers important to the political socialization process?
Older children and teens look to peers as much as parents for guidance
. … They help the major political parties choose a nominee. Which American political institution has the final say in selecting the next U.S. president?
Social psychology is the
study of how individual or group behavior is influenced by the presence and behavior of others
.
What is the just world hypothesis psychology quizlet?
The just world hypothesis is
the belief that people get what they deserve in life and deserve what they get
. This belief is a potential cause of the fundamental attribution error—the tendency to overestimate dispositional causes of an event and to underestimate situational causes.
What do the results of the Milgram experiment and Darley and Batson’s Good Samaritan study have in common?
What do the results of the “Milgram Experiment” and Darley and Batson’s “Good Samaritan” study have in common? They
both highlight the power of the situation in determining behavior
. … a personal interpretation about situations and other people’s behaviors.
What is the difference between power and authority?
Power
is the ability of a group or person to achieve their aims despite the resistance of others. … However, many people do not view the exercise of such power as legitimate. Authority is the form of power that people recognize as legitimate.
according to Zajonc,
arousal
acts as a drive that brings out the dominant response. In an easy or well practiced task social facilitation occurs, but in a task which is difficult or not well learnt social inhibition occurs.
Power is an entity’s or individual’s ability to control or direct others, while authority
is influence that is predicated on perceived legitimacy
. Consequently, power is necessary for authority, but it is possible to have power without authority.
- Academic authority.
- Charismatic authority.
- Expert authority.
- Founder authority.
- Legal governing authority.
- Organizational position authority.
- Ownership authority.
- Prophetic authority.
The concept was first identified by
Norman Triplett
in 1898, when he noticed that cyclist’s performance was facilitated (helped) when training as a group. Psychologist Floyd Allport labeled it social facilitation in 1920.
Social facilitation is when
others’ presence facilitates or affects our performance
, in a good or bad way. Social loafing is when in a group of hardworking people, some find a way to sit back and do nothing, thinking it wouldn’t make much difference if they didn’t contribute.
What is the concept of bureaucracy?
The term bureaucracy refers to
a complex organization that has multilayered systems and processes
. The systems and processes that are put in place effectively make decision-making slow. They are designed to maintain uniformity and control within the organization.
Rational-legal authority
: Also known as bureaucratic authority, is when power is legitimized by legally enacted rules and regulations such as Weber.
What is bureaucracy management?
bureaucracy,
specific form of organization defined by complexity, division of labour
, permanence, professional management, hierarchical coordination and control, strict chain of command, and legal authority. … Bureaucratic organization can be found in both public and private institutions.
The power structure and authority that increases at higher levels in the hierarchy
. The person at the top is most powerful and makes the final decision.
What is the difference between representative democracy and direct democracy?
Representative democracy is a form of democracy in which people vote for representatives who then vote on policy initiatives as opposed to direct democracy, a form of democracy in which people vote on policy initiatives directly.
What is dictatorship Short answer?
A dictatorship is
a government or a social situation where one person makes all the rules and decisions without input from anyone else
. Dictatorship implies absolute power — one person who takes control — of a political situation, a family, a classroom or even a camping expedition.
What is dictatorship leadership?
1. The
leadership style that is characterized by abusively using power, monopolizing decision making, and being dismissive of alternative opinions
.
Which of these is a characteristic of bureaucracy quizlet?
Bureaucracies have four key characteristics:
a clear hierarchy
; specialization; a division of labor; and a set of formal rules.
What are the characteristics of bureaucracies quizlet?
- Specialization. Specialized Duties.
- Hierarchy. Hierarchical system of authority.
- Formality. Formalize set rules and procedures.
- Record-keeping. Written records kept routinely.
- Professionalization. A permanent competent staff.
Political socialization can occur because of
family, peers, the mass media and many other factors
. 3.) We said in class that political socialization is an influence of American political culture, history, and a set of common beliefs.
What are the two distinguishing characteristics of political socialization?
Political socialization is cumulative, and is most heavily developed during childhood.
sets limits on government action. normally cumulative; political beliefs attained earlier in life tend to be retained to a substantial degree.
- Family. tendency to adopt same views as parents.
- Schools. education has greatest impact on forming political views.
- Media. Provide access to information.
- Peer/Groups. Social contract reinforces political preference.
- Religion. Influences attitudes, issues, voting behavior.
- Pol Culture. …
- Community.
What do sociologists call it when members of groups are influenced by other members?
when individuals are members of groups, they are influenced by other members. what do sociologists call this?
peer pressure
.
Writing in the Federalist Papers,
James Madison
explained the unique nature of the Senate and the cautious, deliberative role it would play in American government. In Number 62, James Madison eloquently stated…
What is the main purpose of an interest group quizlet?
An interest group is a group of people who
share common goals and organize to influence the government
. *They are trying to influence the government.
Political socialization is the
“process by which individuals learn and frequently internalize a political lens framing their perceptions of how power is arranged and how the world around them is (and should be) organized; those perceptions, in turn, shape and define individuals’ definitions of who they are and how they
…
What best describes Texas’s dominant political culture today?
What best describes Texas’s dominant political culture today?
The best government is a limited government
. The political ideology that actively supports the expansion of civil rights and tolerates social change is. … Texas ranks in the top 10 among all states for.
Family
: Young children usually spend far more time with their families than with anyone else and thus tend to acquire the family’s habits, beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes. For this reason, family tends to be the most important source of political socialization.
Social Psychology.
the scientific study of how a person’s thoughts, feelings, and behavior are influenced by the real, imagined, or implied presence of others
.
Social psychology is a
branch of psychology concerned with how social influences affect how people think, feel, and act
. The way we perceive ourselves in relation to the rest of the world plays an important role in our choices, behaviors, and beliefs. … Understanding social psychology can be useful for many reasons.
Personality psychology focuses on
individual traits, characteristics, and thoughts
. Social psychology is focused on situations. Social psychologists are interested in the impact that the social environment and group interactions have on attitudes and behaviors.
