What do the concepts of representational bias, anchoring bias, and hindsight bias all have in common? All of the concepts are examples of
mental set
. Which concept is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for?
What was the most controversial claim in Arthur?
Terms in this set (20)
What was the most controversial claim in Arthur Jensen’s article, “
How Much Can We Boost I.Q. and Achievement
?” Level II intelligence is most prevalent among Asians, followed by Caucasians, then African Americans.
What is the best example of representation of a concept?
A prototype
is the best example or representation of a concept.
Which of the following is a criticism of the Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf research on language?
Which of the following is a criticism of the Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf research on language?
It was not empirical
. Niaz’s car breaks down, and he is convinced that it was a predictable event even though there was no way of knowing it would happen.
What kind of concepts are ones that we know by a specific set of characteristics that are always exhibited such as what defines different basic shapes?
(b) In contrast,
artificial concepts
are ones that we know by a specific set of characteristics that they always exhibit, such as what defines different basic shapes.
What are natural concepts?
A natural concept is
a mental representation of events or objects drawn from personal experience
, because of this ability to create a mental representation, kind of like a mental blueprint, we are able to perform previously learned tasks (like tying shoes) without needing instructions each time.
What are examples of concepts?
Concepts can be based on real phenomena and are a generalized idea of something of meaning. Examples of concepts include
common demographic measures: Income, Age, Eduction Level, Number of SIblings.
What was the most controversial conclusion made by Arthur Jensen?
Jensen’s most controversial conclusion was that
Level II intelligence is prevalent among Asians, then Caucasians, then African Americans
. Robert Williams was among those who called out racial bias in Jensen’s results (Williams, 1970).
What are event schemata difficult to change?
Because event schemata
are automatic
, they can be difficult to change. Imagine that you are driving home from work or school. This event schema involves getting in the car, shutting the door, and buckling your seatbelt before putting the key in the ignition. You might perform this script two or three times each day.
What kind of schema is known as a cognitive script?
An event schema
, also known as a cognitive script, is a set of behaviors that can feel like a routine.
What is an example of linguistic relativity?
Linguistic relativity. … A commonly cited example of linguistic relativity is the example of
how Inuit Eskimos describe snow
. In English, there is only one word for snow, but in the Inuit language, many words are used to describe snow: “wet snow,” “clinging snow,” “frosty snow,” and so on.
How does Sapir-Whorf hypothesis affect communication?
According to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, the
differences between languages
—namely, vocabulary, the manner of expressing concepts, narration, and grammar—can shape both our perception of reality and the way we pay attention to specific phenomena.
Is the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis accepted?
History of the Theory
Cognitive psychology studies mental processes such as creative thinking, problem-solving, and attention.) The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis was
taught in courses through the early 1970s and had become widely accepted as truth, but then it fell out of favor
.
How do brain waves change as a sleeper progresses from Stage 1 to Stage 4?
In general terms, how do brain waves change as a sleeper progresses from stage 1 sleep to stage 4 sleep?
The brain waves become slower
. Their amplitude decreases. … Dreams occur in NREM sleep, but less frequently than in REM sleep; NREM dreams are also less vivid than dreams in REM sleep.
What is the best description of originality?
Originality is the
quality of being new and inventive
. A composer who writes a symphony to be played by car horns and cell phones shows great originality. When something is original, it is creative and not derived from something else.
What part of the brain is probably damaged if I am unable to recognize basic objects around my house?
The part of the brain that is affected when one is unable recognize basic objects around the house is
Hippocampus
. The Hippocampus is part of the limbic system in the brain responsible for emotions and memory, specifically long-term memory.
