What do sociologists call the practice of judging others based on preconceived generalizations of the group?
stereotyping
.
What is the practice of judging all other cultures by one’s own culture?
In social sciences,
ethnocentrism
means to judge another culture based on the standard of one’s own culture instead of the standard of the other particular culture.
What do sociologists call rules and guidelines behavior?
In every society, there are certain norms and values which is expected from a person to follow. These norms are also known as
social norms
. The social norms can be referred to as the informal rules that are accepted by the society and these rules govern the behavior of an individual in societies and groups.
What is it called when someone has the ability to understand another culture in terms of that culture’s own norms and values without reference to any other culture’s standards?
The ability to understand another culture in terms of that culture’s own norms and values, without reference to any other cultural standards is called:
cultural relativism
.
How does Chapter 4 define the self?
self.
the individual’s conscious reflexive experience of a personal identity separate and distinct from other individuals
. ID,EGO, and SUPEREGO.
What are the 3 types of norms?
Three basic types of norms are
folkways, mores and laws
.
What is it called when an individual uses their groups way of doing things as a standard for judging others?
What is it called when an individual uses their group’s way of doing things as the standard for judging others?
ethnocentrism
.
What did Karl Marx mean when he said that ideas are cultural creations of a society’s most powerful members?
Functionalist theorist Karl Marx stated that ideas are cultural creations of a society’s most powerful members. Thus, it is possible for political, economic, and social leaders to use
cultural imperialism
to maintain their positions of dominance in a society.
Which of the following is a key difference between a society and a culture?
The difference between culture and society is
that culture is the way in which people live in a particular area
. However, society is a group of people who share a common form of lifestyle. The culture includes a particular set of values, traditions, and beliefs, whereas society has people who share common beliefs.
What is belief of ethnocentrism?
Ethnocentrism is a
belief in the superiority of your own culture
. It results from judging other cultures by your own cultural ideals. Ethnocentrism is linked to cultural blind spots. ... They act as social codes to guide individuals’ behaviour as they strive to fit in and succeed in a particular cultural context.
What is cultural relativism give at least one example?
Cultural relativism refers to not judging a culture to our own standards of what is right or wrong, strange or normal. Instead, we should try to understand cultural practices of other groups in its own cultural context. For example, instead of thinking, “
Fried crickets are disgusting!
What are the 10 elements of culture?
-
Values. Beliefs, principles and important aspects of lifestyle.
-
Customs. Holidays, clothing, greetings, typical rituals and activities.
-
Marriage and Family. ...
-
Government and Law. ...
-
Games and Leisure. ...
-
Economy and Trade. ...
-
Language. ...
-
Religion.
What do sociologists claim is the most significant component of culture?
What do sociologists claim is the most significant component of culture? ...
the lifelong process by which people learn the norms, values, and beliefs of their culture
.
What is your self-concept?
Self-concept is
how you perceive your behavior, abilities, and unique characteristics
. 1 For example, beliefs such as “I am a good friend” or “I am a kind person” are part of an overall self-concept. ... At its most basic, self-concept is a collection of beliefs one holds about oneself and the responses of others.
What is Cooley’s looking glass self?
The looking-glass self describes
the process wherein individuals base their sense of self on how they believe others view them
. ... According to Self, Symbols, & Society , Cooley’s theory is notable because it suggests that self-concept is built not in solitude, but rather within social settings.
What are role expectations?
the
traits, attitudes, and behaviors considered appropriate for an occupant of a particular position within a group or social setting
. These expectations may be communicated to the occupant by other people in the occupant’s role set or may be held by the occupant himself or herself. ...
