Godden and Baddeley wanted to study
the effect of the environment on recall and the effect of retrieval cues
. The specific aim was to see if there was BETTER recall when the recall environment was the SAME as the learning environment.
Which theory of forgetting does the Godden and Baddeley research support?
Research support:
There is research support for the theory such as
the study
by Godden and Baddeley (1975) to suggest that cues can affect recall of information. This strengthens the theory.
What did Godden and Baddeley find?
Godden and Baddeley (1975) showed that
divers recalled words better when the recall condition matched the original learning environment
, i.e. underwater or on land. … Students were asked to recall a list of words and a patient case in the same environment or in the opposite environment as where they learned it.
What is context and state-dependent memory?
Context-dependent forgetting can occur
when the environment during recall is different from the environment you were in when you were learning
. State-dependent forgetting occurs when your mood or physiological state during recall is different from the mood you were in when you were learning.
What are context dependent cues in psychology?
Context dependent cues are
environmental cues which aid in accessing the memories formed in a certain context
. It has been demonstrated that the recall of specific episodes and information improves when the context present when retrieving, is the same as when the information was encoded.
Why does forgetting occur?
Trace decay theory states that forgetting occurs as
a result of the automatic decay or fading of the memory trace
. Trace decay theory focuses on time and the limited duration of short term memory. … The longer the time, the more the memory trace decays and as a consequence more information is forgotten.
How long does short term memory last?
Duration. Most of the information kept in short-term memory will be stored for
approximately 20 to 30 seconds
, but it can be just seconds if rehearsal or active maintenance of the information is prevented.
What are the 4 types of forgetting?
- amnesia. unable to form mew memories, unanle to recal, unable to remember your early years.
- interference. old material conflicts with new material.
- repression. your forget cause there painful.
- decay/extinction. fading away.
- anterograde. unable to form new memories.
- retrograde. …
- infantile.
What are the 2 types of retrieval failure?
The major kinds of retrieval failure during attempts at recall are
omission errors and commission errors
. The relationship between these retrieval failures and the feeling of knowing is examined here in two ways.
What is an example of retrieval failure?
Memories cannot be recalled due to the lack of the right retrieval cues being used. … state an everyday example of retrieval failure.
needing a pen, going upstairs, and then forgetting what you were doing
. an example is of retrieval failure is, needing a pen, going upstairs, and then forgetting what you were doing.
What is an example of context-dependent memory?
In psychology, context-dependent memory is the improved recall of specific episodes or information when the context present at encoding and retrieval are the same. … One particularly common example of context-dependence at work occurs
when an individual has lost an item (e.g. lost car keys) in an unknown location
.
What is the state dependency effect?
State-dependent memory or state-dependent learning is the
phenomenon where people remember more information if their physical or mental state is the same at time of encoding and time of recall
.
How does context affect memory?
According to Dr. Bjork, variability in study context will give
a learner more potential retrieval cues to remember information
. In addition, recreating a situation similar to the one a particular memory was formed in will aid memory retrieval for some memories – especially over long periods of time.
What is deja vu in psychology?
All of us have experienced being in a new place and feeling certain that we have been there before. This mysterious feeling, commonly known as déjà vu,
occurs when we feel that a new situation is familiar
, even if there is evidence that the situation could not have occurred previously.
How do emotions affect your memory?
Research shows that emotions can have an effect on your memory. People who are in a positive
mood are more likely to remember information presented to them
, whereas people who are in a negative mood (i.e. sad or angry) are less likely to remember the information that is presented to them (Levine & Burgess, 1997).
How does context affect memory psychology?
Context-dependent forgetting. A large body of research has shown that
memory performance is reduced when an individual’s environment differs from encoding to retrieval than if the two environments were the same
. This effect is known as context-dependent forgetting.
