What Does The Principal Of Neural Representation State?

What does the principle of neural representation state?

Everything a person experiences is based on representations in the person’s nervous system

.

The idea that an object could be represented by the firing of a specialized neuron that responds only

to that object is called. specificity coding.

What is the principle of neural representation?

The principle function of the central nervous system is to

represent and transform information and thereby mediate appropriate decisions and behaviors

.

What are groups of interconnected neurons?

Neural networks

are groups of interconnected neurons that work together to perform a particular function. … Neurons, or nerve cells, are the basic units of the nervous system. They receive inputs through the dendrites, and the chemical/electrical signal is carried away onto the next cell through the axon.

Which of the following statements is the most accurate with regards to specificity coding?

Which organ is unique in that it appears to be static tissue?

Neuroplasticity has replaced the formerly held theory that

the brain

is a physiologically static organ, and explores how the brain changes throughout life. Neuroplasticity occurs on a variety of levels, ranging from minute cellular changes resulting from learning to large-scale cortical remapping in response to injury.

What is a key difference between dendrites and axons?

Every nerve cell has an axon. The short structures that extend from the cell body are called dendrites. A single nerve cell has many dendrites. The main difference between axon and dendrite is that

axon carries nerve impulses away from the cell body whereas dendrites carry nerve impulses from synapses to the cell body.

Are neural representations more distributed or more local?

Contemporary neuroscience has revealed that the neural representations of visual objects

are highly distributed

. Visual inputs activate almost simultaneously a variety of cortical and subcortical regions within the brain.

Why are neurons interconnected?

Most neurons have a cell body, an axon, and dendrites. … Neurons become interconnected through (1)

the growth of dendrites—extensions of the cell body that receive signals from other neurons

and (2) the growth of axons—extensions from the neuron that can carry signals to other neurons.

What are the key structural components of neurons?

Key Points

The primary components of the neuron are

the soma (cell body)

, the axon (a long slender projection that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body), dendrites (tree-like structures that receive messages from other neurons), and synapses (specialized junctions between neurons).

What does Gestalt psychology emphasize?

Gestalt psychology, school of psychology founded in the 20th century that provided the foundation for the modern study of perception. Gestalt theory emphasizes that

the whole of anything is greater than its parts

. That is, the attributes of the whole are not deducible from analysis of the parts in isolation.

Which of the following neural components is found at the receiving end of neurons?

Dendrite

– The receiving part of the neuron. Dendrites receive synaptic inputs from axons, with the sum total of dendritic inputs determining whether the neuron will fire an action potential. Spine – The small protrusions found on dendrites that are, for many synapses, the postsynaptic contact site.

What is the encoding specificity principle and how does it relate to the performance of motor skills?

The encoding specificity principle states that

memory test performance is directly related to the amount of similarity between the practice and the test contexts

. i.e. the more similarity, the better the test performance will be.

Which statement best summarizes the focus of Gestalt psychologists?

Which statement best summarizes the focus of the Gestalt psychologists?

perception

. object recognition. separated from each other to create a perception.

Why is neuroplasticity important in psychology?

The existence of neuroplasticity

creates the foundation for mental health treatment through rigorous and intensive cognitive training

. It means that shifting beliefs and habits through talk therapy can create biological changes that can help overcome conditions such as anxiety and depression.

What is neuroplasticity in psychology quizlet?

Neuroplasticity.

Ability of the brain to change through the making and braking of synaptic connections between neurons from experiences

. Synaptic Plasticity. Ability of the neuron to form new synaptic connections and break up the old ones.

What does neuron mean in psychology?

Neurons are the

information processing units of the brain

which have a responsibility for sending, receiving, and transmitting electrochemical signals throughout the body. Neurons, also known as nerve cells, are essentially the cells that make up the brain and the nervous system.

Which part of a neuron transmits signals to other neurons?

The axon

is the elongated fiber that extends from the cell body to the terminal endings and transmits the neural signal. The larger the diameter of the axon, the faster it transmits information.

What are the advantages of distributed representations over the information processing approach?

The advantage of distributed representation is that

when a small random subset of the network is altered it does not change the macroscopic behavior of the network

.

What forms the myelin sheath in the CNS?

Myelin is formed by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and

oligodendrocytes

in the central nervous system (CNS). Each Schwann cell forms a single myelin sheath around an axon.

What are Schwann cells?

Schwann cells serve as

the myelinating cell of the PNS and support cells of peripheral neurons

. A Schwann cell forms a myelin sheath by wrapping its plasma membrane concentrically around the inner axon.

What are distributed representations in perception?

A distributed representation is one in which meaning is not captured by a single symbolic unit, but

rather arises from the interaction of a set of units

, normally in a network of some sort.

What are local representations?

A local representation in a connectionist network occurs

when a single concept or meaning is represented by the activity of a single processing unit

. In other word, the unit responds to the presence of some trigger feature (Barlow, 1972), and so is akin to a “grandmother neuron”.

How are neural connections formed in the brain?

As cortical neurons form and the fetal brain grows, the neurons migrate from where they are first formed to their final position in the cortex. During this migration, neurons begin to

grow axons and dendrites

, the structures that will eventually allow them to form synapses and to build neural circuits.

What causes neurons to make connections in the developing brain?

Connections among Brain Cells

Connections among neurons are formed as

the growing child experiences the surrounding world

and forms attachments to parents, family members and other caregivers. In the first decade of life, a child’s brain forms trillions of connections or synapses.

What activities can a person to to create neuronal connections in the brain?

• Play video games. Yes, you read that right. …
• Learn a new language. Ever considered studying another language? …
• Make some music. Music has several brain benefits. …
• Travel. …
• Exercise. …
• Make art.

What is a neuron write the structure and functions of a neuron?

Nervous system cells are called neurons. They have three distinct parts, including a cell body, axon, and dendrites. These parts help them

to send and receive chemical and electrical signals

.

Why are Gestalt principles important?

Gestalt principles or laws are rules that

describe how the human eye perceives visual elements

. These principles aim to show how complex scenes can be reduced to more simple shapes. They also aim to explain how the eyes perceive the shapes as a single, united form rather than the separate simpler elements involved.

What is Gestalt principles in marketing communications?

The 6 Gestalt laws of organization are

proximity, similarity, good continuation, connectedness, common fate and pragnanz

. … These principles are used in advertising and marketing with the intent of influencing the potential buyer by way of their perception.

What is the basic principle behind the gestalt approach to problem solving?

What is the basic principle behind the Gestalt approach to problem solving?

Focused on how people represent a problem in their mind and how solving a problem involves a restructuring of this representation

. Solving a problem depends on how it is represented.

How does the structure of neurons relate to their function?

Neurons are specialized cells of the nervous system that

transmit signals throughout the body

. … Dendrites are extensions of neurons that receive signals and conduct them toward the cell body. Axons are extensions of neurons that conduct signals away from the cell body to other cells.

What is the function of nerve cell?

Nerve cells (neurones) are ‘excitable’ cells which can

transduce a variety of stimuli into electrical signals, continuously sending information about the external and internal environment

(in the form of sequences of action potentials) to the central nervous system (CNS).

What does the field of neuropsychology study quizlet?

Neuropsychology, a subspecialty of psychology, is the

study of how complex properties of the brain all behavior to occur

.

What differentiates bottom-up processing from top down processing?

Bottom-up processing begins with

the retrieval of sensory information from our external environment to build perceptions

based on the current input of sensory information. Top-down processing is the interpretation of incoming information based on prior knowledge, experiences, and expectations.

Which of the following statements is most consistent with recognition by components theory?

Which of the following statements is most consistent with recognition-by-components theory?

Humans can identify an object if sufficient information is available to enable us to identify an object’s basic features

.

What experiment proved that Cajal’s neuron doctrine was correct in that neurons are individual cells?

The matter was finally resolved in the 1950s with

the development of electron microscopy

by which it was unambiguously demonstrated that nerve cells were individual cells interconnected through synapses to form a nervous system, thereby validating the neuron theory.

Which of the following best describes the means which neurons communicate with each other?

Which of the following best describes the means by which neurons communicate with each other? Neurotransmitters flow across the synapse and attach

to receptor sites.

How do the different types of neurons work together to send and receive signals?

How do the different types of neurons work together to send and receive signals?

Sensory neurons pick up signal from your senses

, the intermediate neurons then transfer this signal from the sensory neuron to the motor neuron, and then the motor neuron turns that signal into movement.

What does the encoding specificity principle state?

The encoding specificity principle shows that

memories are linked to the context in which they are created

. It states that it’s easier to recall information when you are in the same context in which you memorized or studied it.

How do encoding specificity and state dependent memory differ?

According to the principle of encoding specificity, we “

encode information along with its context

” (Goldstein, 2011, p. 184). … The concept of state dependent learning is similar to encoding specificity, except that it pertains to the state a person is in when encoding and retrieving information.

What happens during neuroplasticity?

Plasticity, or neuroplasticity, describes

how experiences reorganize neural pathways in the brain

. Long lasting functional changes in the brain occur when we learn new things or memorize new information. These changes in neural connections are what we call neuroplasticity.

How does neuroplasticity give us new hope in regards to brain injuries?

But for most patients with mild traumatic brain injuries, understanding neuroplasticity can

guide rehabilitation and facilitate improvement in symptoms stemming from the injury

, ranging from attention difficulties to balance issues to headaches. Cognitive function is significantly improved by therapy in most patients.