What does water withdrawal refer to quizlet?
Agriculture, industry, and cities take water from sources like aquifers
; this is called water withdrawal. Water consumption means how much of the water withdrawn that is not returned to its original source, and the water that does not return is called consumptive water.
When we look at water and withdrawal What does withdrawal refer to quizlet?
the precipitation either infiltrates the soil and is stored in underground reservoirs or it runs-off to enter a river system. water withdrawal is
the amount of water taken form a source
. Water that is incorporated into a product of lost to the atmosphere is said to be consumed. You just studied 93 terms!
What is water stress quizlet?
Water stress is
the difficulty of obtaining sources of fresh water for use, because of depleting resources
. A water crisis is a situation where the available potable, unpolluted water within a region is less than that region’s demand. Water demand.
What is water scarcity quizlet?
Water Scarcity. Definition:
The lack of freshwater resources
. Example: When an area does not have enough water for its population. If there is too many people and not enough water.
What is the difference between withdrawal consumption and degradation of water?
Consumption is loss of water due to evaporation, absorption, or contamination. Degradation is deterioration in water quality due to contamination or pollution; makes water unsuitable for other desirable purposes.
Why is groundwater withdrawal a challenge in Santa Barbara quizlet?
Why is groundwater withdrawal a challenge in Santa Barbara?
As a coastal city we risk allowing salt water intrusion into our groundwater if we pump too much
. Water (H2O) is about the same size as methane (CH4), but methane is a gas at room temperature while water is a liquid.
What is the difference between withdrawal and consumption?
Withdrawal refers to the water diverted from the source for its use. Consumption is the amount that does not return, not even as waste
.
What does the term finished water mean quizlet?
Finished water is defined as:
The water that is delivered to the distribution system after treatment
. An aquifer is defined as: A layer or section of earth that contains freshwater.
Which of the following is a factor in water scarcity quizlet?
the major problems they have are shortages of runoff due to low precipitation and high evaporation, causing drought. what are the main factors causing water scarcity?
dry climate
, drought, to many people using normally reliable supply of water, and wasteful use of water.
What is a plants typical response to water stress quizlet?
a response to water stress is to
increase the growth of the root system relative to that of the shoot system
. Under water stress, the rate of photosynthesis per unit leaf area tends to be much less affected than leaf expansion.
Why is water scarcity a problem around the world quizlet?
Why is water scarcity a problem around the world?
Water is a renewable but limited resource
. Population increases and drought are a big problem. The more people on earth, the more that need to be fed and the more water it takes to grow crops.
Why is water scarcity increasing on Earth quizlet?
Why is water scarcity increasing on Earth?
More land is being farmed
.
Which region of the US has drinking water scarcity quizlet?
The
High Plains, California, Arizona and the regions located near the Ogallala Aquifer
have the most severe water-scarcity problems.
What is water withdrawal?
Water withdrawals, or water abstractions, are defined as
freshwater taken from ground or surface water sources, either permanently or temporarily, and conveyed to a place of use
.
What are the main water withdrawal types for the US?
Freshwater withdrawals
were 281 Bgal/d, or 87 percent of total withdrawals, and saline-water withdrawals were 41.0 Bgal/d, or 13 percent of total withdrawals.
How does water withdrawal affect the water cycle?
Ground water withdrawals can affect both ground water and surface water. Intensive withdrawals have led to cases where wells, springs and wetlands have gone dry, lake levels have dropped, stream flow has been reduced with great harm to wildlife, and contamination has prevented installation of new wells.
Which of the following groundwater contaminants can cause blue baby syndrome?
High levels of
nitrate/nitrite
in drinking water can cause methemoglobinemia or “blue baby syndrome”.
What is the end result of cultural eutrophication?
What is the end result of cultural eutrophication?
low to zero dissolved oxygen in the water
.
What had to be the conditions at the bottom of shallow oceans for oil to form?
To form oil, the following steps have to happen: 1.
Dead plankton
– both phytoplankton and zooplankton – as well as algae and bacteria sink to the bottom of an ancient ocean and mix with inorganic, clay-like materials that enter these oceans from streams and rivers. This creates an organic-rich mud.
What is water withdrawal and water consumption?
Water withdrawn is the total volume removed from a water source such as a lake or river. Often, a portion of this water is returned to the source and is available to be used again. Water consumed is the amount of water removed for use and not returned to its source.
How is water withdrawal measured?
Water withdrawal describes the
total amount of water withdrawn from a surface water or groundwater source
. Measurements of this withdrawn water help evaluate demands from domestic, industrial and agricultural users. Water consumption is the portion of the withdrawn water permanently lost from its source.
What is water withdrawal intensity?
Main sectors, as defined by ISIC standards, include agriculture; forestry and fishing; manufacturing; electricity industry; and services. This indicator is also known as water withdrawal intensity. INDICATOR 6.4.2. Level of water stress:
freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources
.
What does the term finished water mean?
Finished water is water that is introduced into the distribution system of a public water system and is intended for distribution and consumption without further treatment, except as treatment necessary to maintain water quality in the distribution system (e.g., booster disinfection, addition of corrosion control …
What is meant by scarcity of water?
Water scarcity can mean
scarcity in availability due to physical shortage, or scarcity in access due to the failure of institutions to ensure a regular supply or due to a lack of adequate infrastructure
. Water scarcity already affects every continent.
What is the hydrologic cycle quizlet?
hydrologic cycle (water cycle)
The cycle through which water in the hydrosphere moves
; includes such processes as evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and surface and groundwater runoff and infiltration.
In what way does water scarcity harm the economic development of an area?
Water scarcity, exacerbated by climate change,
could cost some regions up to 6% of their GDP, spur migration, and spark conflict
. The combined effects of growing populations, rising incomes, and expanding cities will see demand for water rising exponentially, while supply becomes more erratic and uncertain.
Which of the following factors is a major reason for the high risk of drought in Africa?
Which of the following factors is a major reason for the high risk of drought in Africa? Africa has been getting
less rainfall
since 1968.
What are the sources of water pollution that can be found in diffuse areas quizlet?
Broad and diffuse areas, rather than points, from which pollutants enter bodies of surface water or air. Examples include
runoff of chemicals and sediments from cropland, livestock feedlots, logged forests, urban streets, parking lots, lawns, and golf courses
.
What is the plants response to water stress?
Stomatal response, ROS scavenging, metabolic changes, and photosynthesis
are all affected when plants are subjected to water stress. These collective responses lead to an adjustment in the growth rate of plants as an adaptive response for survival.
Which group of ground tissue cells will help carry out photosynthesis?
The major cells of the ground tissue are
parenchyma cells
, which function in photosynthesis and nutrient storage. They have thin walls, many chloroplasts, and large central vacuoles, and they form the mass of most leaves, stems, and roots.
Which of the following would not result in a decrease of genetic variation?
Which of the following does not result in a decrease of genetic variation? C.
directional selection
.
What is the disadvantage of withdrawing water from a confined aquifer?
Disadvantages include
aquifer depletion from over pumping
, subsidence, pollution, saltwater intrusion, and reduced water flow.
Why is water scarcity a global issue?
Water scarcity is defined as a water deficiency or a lack of safe water supplies.
As the population of the world grows and the environment becomes further affected by climate change, access to fresh drinking water dwindles
. Globally, 785 million people lack access to clean drinking water.
How many people in the world are living in regions with water scarcity quizlet?
About one-fifth of the world’s population (
1.2billion people
) live in places where water is scarce.
How is water shortage connected to drought?
Water availability is becoming less predictable in many places, and increased incidences of flooding threaten to destroy water points and sanitation facilities and contaminate water sources. In some regions,
droughts are exacerbating water scarcity
and thereby negatively impacting people’s health and productivity.
How does physical water scarcity compare to economic water scarcity?
Physical water scarcity is caused when there is naturally a lack of water in an area, while economic water scarcity is caused when humans alter a once useable water source
. Physical water scarcity is caused solely by droughts, while economic water scarcity is caused by humans’ contamination of water.
