Glinides: Glinides include the drugs
nateglinide and repaglinide
. They increase insulin production in the body. Compared to metformin, glinides are more likely to lead to mild and moderate hypoglycemia. Glinides can cause weight gain.
What medication is a sulfonylurea?
- DiaBeta, Glynase, or Micronase (glyburide or glibenclamide)
- Amaryl (glimepiride)
- Diabinese (chlorpropamide)
- Glucotrol (glipizide)
- Tolinase (tolazamide)
- Tolbutamide.
Which drugs are Meglitinides?
Meglitinides are oral medications used to treat type 2 diabetes. They work by triggering production of insulin. Medications in this class include
Prandin (repaglinide)
and Starlix (nateglinide).
What are GLP 1 drugs?
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are a
group of drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes
. GLP-1 RAs are very effective at lowering blood sugar levels. As an added bonus, some have also shown benefits for heart health and kidney function.
What are examples of thiazolidinediones?
- Pioglitazone (marketed as Actos)
- Rosiglitazone (marketed as Avandia).
- Combination pills containing pioglitazone and rosiglitazone along with other diabetes medications such as metformin are available.
What is the most common side effect from sulfonylurea medication?
Sulfonylureas are usually well tolerated. The most common side effect is
hypoglycemia
, more common with long-acting sulfonylureas such as chlorpropamide and glibenclamide [23–25]. However, all sulfonylureas may cause hypoglycemia, usually due to an excessive dosage.
What's wrong with metformin?
Metformin can cause a life-threatening condition called
lactic acidosis
. People who have lactic acidosis have a buildup of a substance called lactic acid in their blood and shouldn't take metformin. This condition is very dangerous and often fatal.
Why are Meglitinides not used?
This study has demonstrated that hypoglycemia, and not meglitinide use, is
associated with increased mortality
. We showed that meglitinide indirectly could induce long-term mortality rate of by increasing their risk of hypoglycemia. Many antihyperglycemic agents and risk factors will increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
What is another name for Meglitinides?
Meglitinides (eg,
repaglinide, nateglinide
) are much shorter-acting insulin secretagogues than the sulfonylureas are, with preprandial dosing potentially achieving more physiologic insulin release and less risk for hypoglycemia.
What are examples of Meglitinides?
- Chlorpropamide (marketed as Diabinese)
- Glipizide (marketed as Glucotrol)
- Glyburide (marketed as DiaBeta)
- Glimepiride (marketed as Amaryl)
Which GLP-1 is best for weight loss?
Among once-weekly injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists,
semaglutide (Ozempic)
is more effective than exenatide (Byetta) and dulaglutide (Trulicity) for glycemic control and weight loss; it also prevents some adverse cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with established CV disease.
How effective is GLP-1?
GLP-1 receptor agonists are an innovative and
effective option to improve blood glucose control
, with other potential benefits of preserving beta-cell function, weight loss, and increasing insulin sensitivity. Once-weekly formulations may also improve patient adherence.
Is GLP-1 safe?
(1) conclude that the safety profile of the newly available glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) class of drugs
is favorable in
comparison to their benefits as therapy, and the class of drugs might be considered as next in line after metformin for treatment for type 2 diabetes.
Who should not take thiazolidinediones?
[24]
High risk of fractures
: Due to increased fracture risk, patients who are at a high risk of fractures, such as those with a history of osteoporosis, postmenopausal women, or patients taking other medications that increase fracture risk (such as glucocorticoids and PPIs), should not start on TZD therapy.
Is metformin a thiazolidinedione?
At present, two classes of drugs are used as insulin sensitizers: biguanides (metformin), and
thiazolidinediones
(rosiglitazone and pioglitazone).
Who might take thiazolidinediones?
Who are TZDs suitable for? A thiazolidinedione treatment may be prescribed as a treatment for
people with type 2 diabetes
if metformin and either sulphonylureas or prandial glucose regulators are not tolerated or successful in lowering blood glucose levels sufficiently.
