What effects did the religious wars have on French intellectuals?
| Question Answer | What effect did the religious wars have on French intellectuals? Turned them to skepticism, the idea that nothing can be known for certain, and led them to question church doctrine, which claimed to be the only truth. |
|---|
How did the war of Spanish Succession affect France?
The Austrians gained most of the Spanish territories in Italy and the Netherlands. As a consequence,
France’s hegemony over continental Europe was ended
, and the idea of a balance of power became a part of the international order due to its mention in the Treaty of Utrecht.
What weakened the French monarchy?
In 1789,
food shortages and economic crises
led to the outbreak of the French Revolution. King Louis and his queen, Mary-Antoinette, were imprisoned in August 1792, and in September the monarchy was abolished.
What are four consequences of the war and the Peace of Westphalia?
As a result of the Treaty of Westphalia, the Netherlands gained independence from Spain, Sweden gained control of the Baltic and France was acknowledged as the preeminent Western power. The power of the Holy Roman Emperor was broken and the German states were again able to determine the religion of their lands.
What were three results of the Thirty Years War?
As a result of the Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648), Switzerland and the Netherlands became independent; Germany became fragmented and its population was greatly reduced; and France soon became a dominant power in western continental Europe. The war also saw Spain begin to decline as a colonial power.
Why did Louis fail in his attempts to expand the French empire?
His many enemies combined forces in the League of Augsburg and thereby became strong enough to stop France.
Thus the Christian unity that once flourished came to an end. The Catholic Church
eliminated the sale of indulgences and other abuses that Luther had attacked
. Catholics also formed their own Counter-Reformation that used both persuasion and violence to turn back the tide of Protestantism.
The European wars of religion were a series of wars waged in Europe during the 16th, 17th and early 18th centuries.
Fought after the Protestant Reformation
began in 1517, the wars disrupted the religious and political order in the Catholic countries of Europe, or Christendom.
How did religious wars reshape Europe from the mid-sixteenth century through the seventeenth century?
It created problems and battles between countries changing the boundaries around each country in Europe.
The primary cause of the Thirty Years’ War was
the actions of Emperor Ferdinand II in forcing the protestants into Catholicism
. The war ended with the Peace of Westphalia, a treaty that laid boundaries for European countries and recognized subsequent territorial sovereignty throughout Europe.
- #1 End of Bourbon Rule in France.
- #2 Change in Land Ownership in France.
- #3 Loss in power of the French Catholic Church.
- #4 The Birth of Ideologies.
- #5 The Rise of Modern Nationalism.
- #6 The Spread of Liberalism.
- #7 Laying the Groundwork for Communism.
How did France build a centralized monarchy after the wars of religion?
Henry IV granted religious freedoms to the Huguenots and converted to Catholicism
. What impact did Spanish king Phillip II and French king Louis XIV have on the arts?
With regard to individual religious freedom, the treaty provided that Catholics in a Protestant region and Protestants in a Catholic region were allowed to practice their religion at home, to attend religious services, and to bring up their children according to their religion.
Six results of the peace of Westphalia were the weakening of Austria and Spain, the strengthening of France, the independency of German princes from the Holy Roman Emperor, the end to religious wars in Europe, the introduction of the peace summit, and the abandonment of Catholic rule over Europe.
The entry of France into the conflict ushered in the final and most terrible phase of the Thirty Years’ War. It was to last for another thirteen years. In this month
the Roman Emperor Ferdinand II also died, without having lived through a single hour of peace in his whole reign
.
| Date May 23, 1618 to October 24, 1648 (30 years, 4 months and 3 weeks) | Location Europe, mainly present-day Germany | Result Peace of Westphalia | Territorial changes France annexes Décapole and Upper Alsace Sweden obtains Wolin and Western Pomerania Brandenburg-Prussia obtains Eastern Pomerania |
|---|
Only 20 years old at the time, Louis XVI was immature and lacked self-confidence. While
Louis XVI wanted to be a good king and help his subjects, he faced enormous debt and rising resentment towards a despotic monarchy
. His failure to successfully address serious fiscal problems would dog him for most of his reign.
Protestants were granted a degree of religious freedom following the Edict of Nantes, but it ceased with the Edict of Fontainebleau
. The Protestant minority was persecuted, and a majority of Huguenots fled the country, leaving isolated communities like the one in the Cevennes region, which survives to this day.
The more profound the impact of war on an individual — such as the death, injury or abduction of a household member — the greater the likelihood grew of that person turning to religion
. By contrast, those who had been less affected by the impact of war were also less likely to join a a religious group.
