Christopher Columbus introduced
horses, sugar plants, and disease
to the New World, while facilitating the introduction of New World commodities like sugar, tobacco, chocolate, and potatoes to the Old World. The process by which commodities, people, and diseases crossed the Atlantic is known as the Columbian Exchange.
What was transferred in the Columbian Exchange?
The Columbian exchange, also known as the Columbian interchange, was the
widespread transfer of plants, animals, precious metals, commodities, culture, human populations, technology, diseases, and ideas between the New World (the Americas) in the Western Hemisphere
, and the Old World (Afro-Eurasia) in the Eastern …
What items were exchanged in the Columbian Exchange?
The Columbian Exchange was more evenhanded when it came to crops. The Americas’ farmers’ gifts to other continents included staples such as
corn (maize), potatoes, cassava, and sweet potatoes
, together with secondary food crops such as tomatoes, peanuts, pumpkins, squashes, pineapples, and chili peppers.
What foods were transferred during the Columbian Exchange?
The exchange introduced a wide range of new calorically rich staple crops to the Old World—namely
potatoes, sweet potatoes, maize, and cassava
. The primary benefit of the New World staples was that they could be grown in Old World climates that were unsuitable for the cultivation of Old World staples.
What were the 2 most important goods in the Columbian Exchange?
Among the most lucrative goods transmitted in the Columbian Exchange were
sugar, corn, and tea
. Columbus himself is credited with bringing sugar to Hispaniola, setting up sugar cane plantations after Spanish miners had exhausted the gold stores there.
What items came from the New World?
Foods That Originated in the New World: artichokes,
avocados
, beans (kidney and lima), black walnuts, blueberries, cacao (cocoa/chocolate), cashews, cassava, chestnuts, corn (maize), crab apples, cranberries, gourds, hickory nuts, onions, papayas, peanuts, pecans, peppers (bell peppers, chili peppers), pineapples, …
What foods came from the Americas?
- Squash. As one of the “Three Sisters,” three main agricultural crops native to North America (along with beans and corn), squash varieties come in different shapes and sizes. …
- Corn (Maize) …
- Avocados. …
- Peppers. …
- Potatoes. …
- Beans. …
- Tomatoes. …
- Tomatillos.
What were the most important items in the Columbian Exchange?
Perhaps the most important items to travel from the Americas to the rest of the world were
corn and potatoes
. Both were inexpensive to grow and nutritious. Potatoes, especially, supplied many essential vitamins and minerals. Over time, both crops became an important and steady part of diets throughout the world.
Where did vanilla spread after the Columbian Exchange?
Cultivation of vanilla began spreading to other countries, including
Tahiti and Indonesia
. As the supply grew, vanilla became more accessible to all people, not just the rich, eventually becoming world’s most prevalent and popular flavor.
What animals were exchanged in the Columbian Exchange?
The Columbian Exchange brought
horses, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs
, and a collection of other useful species to the Americas. Before Columbus, Native American societies in the high Andes had domesticated llamas and alpacas, but no other animals weighing more than 45 kg (100 lbs).
What food was brought to the New World?
- Amaranth. amaranth. Amaranth. …
- Avocado. avocados. Avocado fruits (Persea americana). …
- Beans. green bean. …
- Cacao. cacao fruits. …
- Cassava. cassava. …
- Chia. chia seeds. …
- Corn (Maize) corn. …
- Papaya. papaya tree.
What items moved from the Americas to Europe?
Raw materials like
precious metals (gold and silver), tobacco, sugar and cotton
went from the Americas to Europe. Manufactured goods like cloth and metal items went to Africa and the Americas. Finally, slaves went from Africa to the Americas to work. This trade created great profits for Europe.
What food had the biggest impact on the new world?
Maize [corn] and potatoes
had the greatest impact, but other crops from the Americas also had success.
How did tea affect the Columbian Exchange?
Tea had an immense impact on the Columbian Exchange,
it allowed regions like China and Europe to expand their connections and grow their land through trade
.
Where did lettuce come from in the Columbian Exchange?
The beans, tomatoes, peppers, avocado, and corn all hail from the Americas; the beef, cheese, and lettuce have their provenance
in Europe
; and rice culture was brought by African slaves, themselves imported against their will.
What products did Europe and Africa trade?
Europe sent manufactured goods and luxuries to North America. Europe also sent
guns, cloth, iron, and beer
to Africa in exchange fro gold, ivory, spices and hardwood. The primary export from Africa to North America and the West Indies was enslaved people to work on colonial plantations and farms.
