The Krebs cycle produces the CO 2 that you breath out. This stage produces most of the energy ( 34 ATP molecules, compared to only 2 ATP for glycolysis and 2 ATP for Krebs cycle). The electron transport chain takes place in the mitochondria. This stage converts the NADH into ATP .
What happens as electrons pass down the electron transport chain?
As electrons are passed down the chain, they move from a higher to a lower energy level, releasing energy . Some of the energy is used to pump H +start superscript, plus, end superscript ions, moving them out of the matrix and into the intermembrane space. This pumping establishes an electrochemical gradient.
What happens during the Krebs cycle as electrons pass down the electron transport chain?
The Krebs cycle breaks down pyruvic acid
What happens to electron carriers during Krebs?
The CO 2 produced by the Krebs cycle is the same CO 2 that you exhale. The electron carriers NADH and FADH are sent to the final step of cell respiration , which is respiratory electron transport. The Krebs cycle does not use oxygen, though it does stop in the absence of oxygen because it runs out of NAD and FAD.
What carries electrons from the Krebs cycle to the electron transport chain?
NADH : An energy shuttle which delivers high energy electrons to the electron transport chain where they will eventually power the production of 2 to 3 ATP molecules.
How do electrons move in the electron transport chain?
Electrons move through the electron transport chain from a higher to lower energy state . Energy release moves protons through channels in the membrane proteins, moving them into the inner membrane space. This leads to a buildup of positively charged protons, which creates an electrical potential across the membrane.
What is the function of an electron in the electron transport chain?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are used to release energy, develop a chemical gradient, and form an electrochemical gradient that is finally used to produce ATP molecules .
Does the electron transport require oxygen?
Explanation: Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain , which allows for oxidative phosphorylation. Without oxygen, the electrons will be backed up, eventually causing the electron transport chain to halt.
Why are electron carriers generated in glycolysis?
Glycolysis cannot continue without electron carriers available to take away electrons. So, in the absence of O 2 , the reactions below occur for one reason: to make electron carriers available so that glycolyis and the ATP production inherent to glycolysis can continue .
How many electron carriers are in glycolysis?
There are three steps in cellular respiration: Glycolysis, which makes two NADH from NAD+ The citric acid cycle, which makes six NADH and two FADH2 . These carriers bring their electrons to the electron transport chain, which creates a hydrogen ion gradient in intermembrane of the mitochondria.
What happens after glycolysis if oxygen is not present?
When oxygen is not present, pyruvate will undergo a process called fermentation . In the process of fermentation the NADH + H+ from glycolysis will be recycled back to NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue. In the process of glycolysis, NAD+ is reduced to form NADH + H+. ... One type of fermentation is alcohol fermentation.
What is the function of ubiquinone?
Ubiquinone in a partially reduced form is found in all cell membranes. It protects efficiently not only membrane phospholipids from peroxidation but also mitochondrial DNA and membrane proteins from free-radical-induced oxidative damage.
How is ATP produced in electron transport?
The process of forming ATP from the electron transport chain is known as oxidative phosphorylation. Electrons carried by NADH + H + and FADH 2 are transferred to oxygen via a series of electron carriers , and ATPs are formed. Three ATPs are formed from each NADH + H + , and two ATPs are formed for each FADH 2 in eukaryotes.
How are high-energy electrons used by the electron transport chain?
The electron transport chain uses the high-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP . ... When 2 high-energy electrons move down the electron transport chain, their energy is used to move hydrogen ions (H + ) across the membrane.
What is the main result of the electron transport chain?
The end products of the electron transport chain are water and ATP . A number of intermediate compounds of the citric acid cycle can be diverted into the anabolism of other biochemical molecules, such as nonessential amino acids, sugars, and lipids.
How does electron transfer work?
Electron transfer (ET) occurs when an electron relocates from an atom or molecule to another such chemical entity . ET is a mechanistic description of a redox reaction, wherein the oxidation state of reactant and product changes. Numerous biological processes involve ET reactions.
