By taking good care of her own health before and during pregnancy, a mother can reduce her baby’s risk of many of the leading causes of infant mortality in the United States, including birth defects , preterm birth, low birth weight, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), and certain pregnancy complications.
Why has the infant mortality rate decreased?
By 1960, 70 percent of infants could be expected to survive to age 65. Since 1960, mortality reductions have been associated with two newer factors: the frequent conquest of cardiovascular disease in the elderly and the prevention of death caused by low birth weight in infants .
What factors affect infant mortality rate?
Lack of prenatal care, alcohol consumption during pregnancy, and drug use also cause complications which may result in infant mortality. Many environmental factors contribute to infant mortality, such as the mother’s level of education, environmental conditions, and political and medical infrastructure .
What is the main reason for decreased maternal and infant mortality rates?
The Barro-regression estimate reveals that improvements in economic and demographic conditions such as growth in state income (β=0.35020, p<0.05) and reduction in poverty (β=0.01867, p<0.01) and fertility (β=0.02598, p<0.05) have a greater association with the decline in the maternal mortality ratio in India than ...
What programs help reduce infant mortality rate?
In 1997, the Indian government introduced the Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) programme to reduce infant, child and maternal mortality. Three years later, India signed the Millennium Declaration adopted at the UN General Assembly, which had as its fourth goal reducing child mortality.
Which country has the highest infant mortality rate 2020?
Afghanistan has the highest infant mortality rate of 110.6.
How can we prevent infant mortality?
- Preventing Birth Defects.
- Addressing Preterm Birth, Low Birth Weight, and Their Outcomes.
- Getting Pre-Pregnancy and Prenatal Care.
- Creating a Safe Infant Sleep Environment.
- Using Newborn Screening to Detect Hidden Conditions.
What are the three leading causes of infant mortality?
- Birth defects.
- Preterm birth and low birth weight.
- Injuries (e.g., suffocation).
- Sudden infant death syndrome.
- Maternal pregnancy complications.
What is the infant mortality rate in 2020?
In 2020, infant mortality rate for India was 29.07 deaths per thousand live births . Over the last 50 years, infant mortality rate of India was declining at a moderating rate to shrink from 139.19 deaths per thousand live births in 1971 to 29.07 deaths per thousand live births in 2020.
What are the causes of decline in death rate?
- Control of Epidemics: ...
- Urbanisation of Population: ...
- More Medical Facilities: ...
- Spread of Education: ...
- Late Marriage: ...
- Control over famine: ...
- Balanced Diet: ...
- Decline in Social Evils:
What are the major causes of maternal mortality?
The leading contributory factors or non-medical causes of Maternal and Perinatal Deaths as shown in Table 3, and these include inadequate manpower (21.6%), delay in seeking help(11.8%), lack of essential equipment/medications/blood(7.8%), lack of ambulance/transportation(15.7%), delay in referrals most especially of ...
What is the leading cause of death in infants?
Some of the leading causes of infant death in the United States include the following: birth defects ; prematurity/low birthweight; sudden infant death syndrome; maternal complications of pregnancy and respiratory distress syndrome.
Why is it important to reduce child mortality?
It raises economic productivity , reduces poverty, lowers infant and maternal mortality, and helps improve nutritional status and health.
What are the steps taken by the government to reduce infant mortality rate?
v) Early identification and appropriate management of Diarrhoea disease and Acute Respiratory Infections. vi) Improving Infant and young child feeding practices including breastfeeding promotion . vii) Immunisation against seven vaccine preventable diseases.
What is the single most significant risk factor for SIDS?
Stomach sleeping – This is probably the most significant risk factor, and sleeping on the stomach is associated with a higher incidence of SIDS.
What happens if child mortality is not reduced?
If the child mortality is continued at high rate , this will result in drastic decrease in human population and will affect the health of mothers who repeatedly opt for babies after their earlier babies die due to child mortality.
