The presence of drugs in the human system can be detected by testing a variety of different samples, most notably
urine, blood, hair, sweat, and saliva
.
How do you collect drug evidence?
Known samples can be collected by
rubbing sterile swabs against the cheek, inside the mouth
. Air-dry and package in a swab container or paper envelope/bag. Do not package in a plastic or zip lock bag. Swabs from areas of a crime scene are not considered “buccal swabs”.
What can be analyzed for drugs?
- Marijuana.
- Opioids, such as heroin, codeine, oxycodone, morphine, hydrocodone, and fentanyl.
- Amphetamines, including methamphetamine.
- Cocaine.
- Steroids.
- Barbiturates, such as phenobarbital and secobarbital.
- Phencyclidine (PCP)
What chemical is used to test drugs?
Some of the commonly used colour tests include
cobalt thiocyanate
(Scott Test for cocaine and related drugs), Marquis (for alkaloids, amphetamines, and opium-related derivatives eg morphine and heroin), Mecke (for alkaloids) and Duquenois-Levine (for marijuana).
What are the five classes of drugs?
The five “schedules” of drugs should not be confused with the five “classes” of drugs, a different way of organizing drugs according to their main properties. The five classes of drugs are
narcotics, depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, and anabolic steroids.
What is the difference between a drug and a drug metabolite?
Drug Metabolism
When a drug enters the body,
it gets altered
(metabolized). This alteration results in other substances called drug metabolites. These drug metabolites may either be inactive or they may be similar or different from the original drug (parent drug) in terms of toxicity or therapeutic activity.
What can degrade a biological sample collected as evidence?
Improperly used,
bleach
could destroy biological evidence. There will be occasions when it is not possible to collect a stain by cutting it from an object (e.g. stain is on a concrete floor). … It may be useful to test the “unstained” area with an appropriate presumptive test to see if it contains a biological sample.
What is used to collect drugs at a crime scene?
Evidence That May be Collected
Drugs can take the form of pills, powders, liquids, plant material such as
leaves and mushrooms
, crystalline materials (crystal methamphetamine), and cases such as MDMA or ecstasy, can be imbedded in paper or foods like candy.
What are the three main body fluids tissues that can be examined for toxins?
Blood, Urine, Liver
– Blood is often the specimen of choice for detecting, quantifying and interpreting drugs and other toxicant concentrations.
What is the best way to test for drugs?
- Urine, which is by far the most prevalent, with 90 percent of employers using it, according to background screening firm HireRight.
- Saliva, used by 10 percent of employers.
- Hair, used by 7 percent of employers.
Which is a presumptive test for a drug?
Presumptive tests, also known as
preliminary tests
or field tests, allow drugs to be quickly classified into a particular chemical group, but do not unequivocally identify the presence of a specific chemical compound.
What does the color blue mean on a drug test?
The sample adequacy window turns blue when
the oral fluid sample quantity is sufficient for testing
, thereby taking the guesswork out of collecting oral fluid specimens and reducing repeat drug test collections.
What are the 7 classifications of drugs?
DREs classify drugs in one of seven categories:
central nervous system (CNS) depressants, CNS stimulants, hallucinogens, dissociative anesthetics, narcotic analgesics, inhalants, and cannabis
.
What is a Class 1 drug?
Schedule I
Schedule I drugs, substances, or chemicals are defined as
drugs with no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse
. Some examples of Schedule I drugs are: heroin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), marijuana (cannabis), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy), methaqualone, and peyote.
What are the 4 classifications of drugs?
- stimulants (e.g. cocaine)
- depressants (e.g. alcohol)
- opium-related painkillers (e.g. heroin)
- hallucinogens (e.g. LSD)
What are the four stages of drug metabolization?
Think of pharmacokinetics as a drug’s journey through the body, during which it passes through four different phases:
absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME)
.
