physics. :
that part of the energy of bodies or systems which exists under such conditions that work may be theoretically derived from it
— compare degradation of energy, entropy, unavailable energy.
What is meant by available energy in thermodynamics?
In thermodynamics, available energy is
the greatest amount of mechanical work that can be obtained from a system or body
, with a given quantity of substance, in a given initial state, without increasing its total volume or allowing heat to pass to or from external bodies, except such as at the close of the processes …
What do you mean by available energy?
Available energy. In particle physics, the available energy is
the energy in a particle collision available to produce new matter from the kinetic energy of the colliding particles
.
:
energy that is incapable of doing work under existing conditions
— compare available energy, degradation of energy, entropy.
What is the available energy AE?
The maximum work output obtainable from a certain heat input in a cyclic heat engine
is called the available energy (A.E.), or the available part of the energy supplied.
What is the available energy in a system called?
When the surroundings are the reservoir,
exergy
is the potential of a system to cause a change as it achieves equilibrium with its environment. Exergy is the energy that is available to be used. After the system and surroundings reach equilibrium, the exergy is zero.
Is the power available to do useful work?
In the context we have just described,
free energy
is energy that is available to do useful work, not energy that we can get for nothing. When a spontaneous process occurs and there is a free energy decrease, it is the availability of useful energy which decreases.
What is useful work in thermodynamics?
The useful work is produced by special tools that provide
the extraction of the thermal energy of the thermostat (environment)
and the transformation of thermal energy into work at the process of the restoration of the chemical equilibrium.
What is spontaneous change?
In chemistry, spontaneous change is
change which occurs by itself, without outside assistance
.
What is the maximum efficiency?
The Maximum Efficiency Rate is
the well production rate that determines the maximum volumetric recovery of reservoirs with minimum residual oil saturation at the depletion
. It is commonly used to denote the rate of field production that can achieve the maximum financial return from the reservoir operation.
Derivations of the statement “the internal energy that becomes unavailable to do work during a process is
equal to the product of the increase in entropy during such a process and the temperature of the coldest available thermal reservoir
” have appeared in the literature under several guises.
The Carnot cycle and the available energy is shown in figure. The area 1-2-3-4 represents the available energy.
The shaded area 4-3-B-A represents
the energy, which is discarded to the ambient atmosphere, and this quantity of energy cannot be converted into work and is called Unavailable energy.
Does entropy change when work is done?
Entropy is
the loss of energy available to do work
. Another form of the second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of a system either increases or remains constant; it never decreases.
Which of the following is an example of high grade energy?
Electrical and chemical energy
are high-grade energy, because the energy is concentrated in a small space. Even a small amount of electrical and chemical energy can do a great amount of work.
What is the available energy referred to a cycle also explain DEAD state?
Dead state implies the temperature and pressure existing in the surroundings and are designated by T
0
and P
0
. Availability or Energy is the maximum portion of energy that can be converted into work by ideal process that reduces the system to dead state.
What are the 3 laws of energy?
Traditionally, thermodynamics has recognized three fundamental laws, simply named by an ordinal identification, the first law, the second law, and
the third law
. … The third law of thermodynamics states that a system’s entropy approaches a constant value as the temperature approaches absolute zero.
