Gene arrays are
solid supports upon which a collection of gene-specific nucleic acids have been placed at defined locations
, either by spotting or direct synthesis. In array analysis, a nucleic acid-containing sample is labeled and then allowed to hybridize with the gene-specific targets on the array.
What are DNA arrays used for?
A microarray is a laboratory tool
used to detect the expression of thousands of genes at the same time
. DNA microarrays are microscope slides that are printed with thousands of tiny spots in defined positions, with each spot containing a known DNA sequence or gene.
What is genomic microarray?
A DNA microarray (also commonly known as DNA chip or biochip) is
a collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface
. Scientists use DNA microarrays to measure the expression levels of large numbers of genes simultaneously or to genotype multiple regions of a genome.
What is the purpose of a microarray?
The DNA microarray is
a tool used to determine whether the DNA from a particular individual contains a mutation in genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2
. The chip consists of a small glass plate encased in plastic. Some companies manufacture microarrays using methods similar to those used to make computer microchips.
How does a microarray work?
The principle behind microarrays is that
complementary sequences will bind to each other
. The unknown DNA molecules are cut into fragments by restriction endonucleases; fluorescent markers are attached to these DNA fragments. These are then allowed to react with probes of the DNA chip.
What does a microarray tell you?
Microarray is a high resolution
test to assess very small gains and losses (copy number variants) of genomic information and areas of homozygosity
(which might suggest an autosomal recessive condition).
What microarray means?
Listen to pronunciation
. (MY-kroh-uh-RAY) A laboratory tool used to analyze large numbers of genes or proteins at one time. In a microarray, biologic molecules such as DNA, RNA, or protein are placed in a pattern onto a surface such as a glass slide.
Which is the first step in using a DNA microarray?
The first step in using a microarray is
to collect healthy and cancerous tissue samples from the patient
. This way, doctors can look at what genes are turned on and off in the healthy cells compared to the cancerous cells. Once the tissues samples are obtained, the messenger RNA (mRNA) is isolated from the samples.
What is an oligonucleotide array?
An oligonucleotide array consists of
a series of short (typically 20~30 bases) single-stranded DNA sequences
(oligonucleotides, or “oligos”) attached to a glass chip about the size of a microscope cover slip. In the arrangement shown here, each adjacent oligo differs from its neighbor only at the last base.
What is DNA microarray technique?
= Microarray technology is
a developing technology used to study the expression of many genes at once
. It involves placing thousands of gene sequences in known locations on a glass slide called a gene chip. A sample containing DNA or RNA is placed in contact with the gene chip.
How long does microarray process take?
This test compares the patient’s sample to a normal control sample to find very small missing or extra chromosome pieces that cannot be seen under a microscope. The test does not show structural changes in chromosomes. It can take
up to 4 weeks to
get the test results.
How does genomics work?
Genomics, in contrast, is
the study of the entirety of an organism’s genes –
called the genome. Using high-performance computing and math techniques known as bioinformatics, genomics researchers analyze enormous amounts of DNA-sequence data to find variations that affect health, disease or drug response.
How does a microarray work and how is it used?
A microarray is a two-dimensional arrangement of biological samples allowing for high-throughput analysis of genetic information. DNA microarrays are
commonly used to genotype multiple regions of a genome or to generate lists of expressed genes from a cell
.
What are the types of microarray?
There are four different types of DNA microarrays:
cDNA microarrays, oligo DNA microarrays, BAC microarrays and SNP microarrays
.
How is a microarray made?
A typical microarray experiment involves
the hybridization of an mRNA molecule to the DNA template from which it is originated
. Many DNA samples are used to construct an array. The amount of mRNA bound to each site on the array indicates the expression level of the various genes. This number may run in thousands.
How does Affymetrix microarray work?
Affymetrix GeneChip System uses
arrays fabricated by direct synthesis of oligonucleotides (probes) on the glass surface using the photolithographic technology employed in the semiconductor industry
. Hybridization to Affymetrix chips is DNA:RNA. … Control and experimental samples are hybridized to separate chips.
