Stimulus generalization
occurs when a stimulus that is similar to an already-conditioned stimulus begins to produce the same response as the original stimulus does. Stimulus discrimination occurs when the organism learns to differentiate between the CS and other similar stimuli.
What is the process by which a stimulus evokes a specific behavior?
reinforcement
. the application or removal of a stimulus to increase the strength of a specific behavior (a stimulus or event that increases the probability that the response it follows will be repeated.
Is a process in which after a stimulus has been conditioned to produce?
A process in which, after a stimulus has been conditioned to produce a particular response,
stimuli that are similar to the original stimulus produce the same response
. The process in which a stimulus increases the probability that a preceding behavior will be repeated.
What is conditioned stimulus and conditioned response?
Classical conditioning is a form of learning whereby a conditioned stimulus (CS) becomes associated with an unrelated unconditioned stimulus (US) in order to produce a behavioral response known as a conditioned response (CR). The conditioned response is
the learned response to the previously neutral stimulus
.
What is the process of classical conditioning?
Classical conditioning (also known as Pavlovian or respondent conditioning) is
learning through association
and was discovered by Pavlov, a Russian physiologist. In simple terms, two stimuli are linked together to produce a new learned response in a person or animal.
What is an example of stimulus discrimination?
For example, whenever you come home from work, the first thing you do is
feed your dog
. As a result, your dog gets excited as soon as he hears your car pulling up at the driveway, barking and running to the door.
What was the conditioned stimulus in the case of Little Albert?
In the Little Albert Experiment
the white rat
was the conditioned stimulus. Behavior which is similar (but not necessarily the same) to the UCR, which is triggered by the CS after classical conditioning. Conditioned responses are learned. E.g. fear when presentation with the white rat.
What is a stimulus in behavior?
Stimuli are
events in the environment that influence behavior
. A single stimulus can serve many different functions. Listed below are several functions that a stimulus can serve. … An observing response is sometimes necessary for presentation of the discriminative stimulus/stimuli.
What type of stimulus elicits a response without prior experience?
The first stimulus
was one that evoked the response to be tested, without prior experience. These types of stimulus-response pairs are known as innate reflexes, and the stimulus is named an unconditioned stimulus (US) and its response an unconditioned response (UCR).
How does classical conditioning modify behavior?
Classical Conditioning involves conditioning a reflexive behavior
by pairing a neutral stimulus with a naturally occurring one
. … You can apply this theory to yourself by finding positive pairings that enhance behavioral change, or by removing negative associations that reinforce bad habits.
What are examples of stimulus and response?
- You are hungry so you eat some food.
- A rabbit gets scared so it runs away.
- You are cold so you put on a jacket.
- A dog is hot so lies in the shade.
- It starts raining so you take out an umbrella.
Is fear a conditioned response?
In the vocabulary of classical conditioning, the neutral stimulus or context is the “conditional stimulus” (CS), the aversive stimulus is the “unconditional stimulus” (US), and the
fear is the “conditional response” (CR)
.
When a conditioned stimulus no longer produces a conditioned response?
Extinction
refers to the reduction in responding that occurs when the conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus. Figure 8.4 Acquisition, Extinction, and Spontaneous Recovery.
Which of the following is the best example of classical conditioning?
Have you heard of
Pavlov’s dogs
? That’s the experiment conducted by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov wherein his dogs started to salivate when he rang a bell. This is the best-known example of classical conditioning, when a neutral stimulus is paired with a conditioned response.
What is an example of classical conditioning in everyday life?
For example,
whenever you come home wearing a baseball cap, you take your child to the park to play
. So, whenever your child sees you come home with a baseball cap, he is excited because he has associated your baseball cap with a trip to the park. This learning by association is classical conditioning.
What is the first stage of classical conditioning called?
Acquisition
.
Acquisition
is the initial stage of learning when a response is first established and gradually strengthened. 5 During the acquisition phase of classical conditioning, a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus.
