A shared derived character is
a characteristic or trait that two lineages share
, which has evolved leading up to their clade.
A shared character is
one that two lineages have in common
, and a derived character is one that evolved in the lineage leading up to a clade and that sets members of that clade apart from other individuals. Shared derived characters can be used to group organisms into clades.
Apomorphy
– a derived trait. Apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and inherited from a common ancestor is synapomorphy. Apomorphy unique to a given taxon is autapomorphy.
Shared derived characters –
An evolutionary novelty that is unique to a particular clade
. … This shows the evolutionary relationships among various organisms.
What are derived traits?
Derived traits are
those that just appeared (by mutation) in the most recent ancestor — the one that gave rise to a newly formed branch
. Of course, what's primitive or derived is relative to what branch an organism is on.
What is analogous trait?
In morphology, analogous traits
arise when different species live in similar ways and/or a similar environment
, and so face the same environmental factors. When occupying similar ecological niches (that is, a distinctive way of life) similar problems can lead to similar solutions.
What is an example of a derived trait?
In phylogenetics, a derived trait is a
trait that is present in an organism, but was absent in the last common ancestor of the group being considered
. … For example, among the tetrapods, having five fingers is the primitive trait – as their last common ancestor bore a five-digit hand.
A shared, primitive character (such as the post-anal tail of all vertebrates) is called a
symplesiomorphy
. Symplesiomorphies can tell us that animals share a common ancestor that also shared that trait. … A derived character (= apomorphy)is one that is modified compared to its original, ancestral form.
An ancestral character is shared with the
species ancestral to more than one group
: it can lead to different groups being classified together. A shared derived character is shared by the ancestral species and a single group: it is the only reliable guide to inferring phylogeny.
Which best describes traditional classification?
Which best describes traditional classification? … It is called
phylogenetic classification
. It is called cladistics. It is based on shared characteristics.
-ancestral traits: similarity found in a species that is inherited from the most recent common ancestor of an entire group. -derived traits: similarity
that only began to show up recently
and that is shared among a small subset of the species. You just studied 5 terms!
Which two domains are most closely related?
The domain Bacteria
contains most of the currently known prokaryotes, including the bacteria closely related to chloroplasts and mitochondria. The second domain, Archaea, consists of a diverse group of prokaryotic organisms that inhabit a wide variety of environments.
What is used in Cladistics?
Cladistic methodologies involve the
application of various molecular, anatomical, and genetic traits of organisms
. … For example, a cladogram based purely on morphological traits may produce different results from one constructed using genetic data.
What is a secondarily derived trait?
A derived trait is a trait that is present in an organism, but was not in the last common ancestor of the group being considered.
Simplicity
is often secondarily derived. For example, no mitochondria in the anaerobic protist Entamoeba histolytica is a result of their secondary loss.
What are ancestral and derived traits?
Ancestral traits and derived traits.
Ancestral traits are shared throughout the larger group
. Derived traits are present only in a smaller group. … The various branches are based on having or not having a particular trait or group of traits.
Is hair a derived trait?
Hair is
derived for mammals
(relative to other [non-mammalian] vertebrates), but ancestral for humans, because the closest relatives to humans, gorillas and chimps, also have hair. … Loss of hair is thus a derived feature for whales, among the mammals.
