What Is An Approach That Emphasizes That Behavior Is Strongly Influenced By Biology Tied To Evolution And Characterized By Critical Or Sensitive Periods?

What is an example of evolutionary approach?

The evolutionary perspective considers many different traits which include memory, perception and language . ... For example, traits of memory continue to evolve through each generation while other instincts are devolving.

Which theory stresses that behavior is strongly influenced by biology?

Gene selection theory , the modern explanation behind evolutionary biology, occurs through the desire for gene replication. Evolutionary psychology connects evolutionary principles with modern psychology and focuses primarily on psychological adaptations: changes in the way we think in order to improve our survival.

How does evolutionary theory explain human behavior?

Evolutionary psychology assumes that human behaviour is being shaped, indeed determined, by processes of natural selection : those modes of behaviour that favour the replication of the genome will preferentially survive.

What are the three main criticisms of the evolutionary perspective?

Criticisms include 1) disputes about the testability of evolutionary hypotheses, 2) alternatives to some of the cognitive assumptions (such as massive modularity) frequently employed in evolutionary psychology, 3) claimed vagueness stemming from evolutionary assumptions (e.g. uncertainty about the environment of ...

What are biological factors that influence human behavior?

Biological factors include genetic influences, brain chemistry, hormone levels, nutrition, and gender . Here is a closer look at nutrition and gender and how they affect development.

How does heredity and environment influence human behavior?

In some situations, genes play a larger role in determining your behavior ; in other situations, environment plays a larger role in influencing your behavior. If you had a whole different set of experiences over your lifetime your genes may be expressed in different ways, and you may behave differently than you do now.

What is an example of evolutionary psychology?

Examples include language acquisition modules , incest avoidance mechanisms, cheater detection mechanisms, intelligence and sex-specific mating preferences, foraging mechanisms, alliance-tracking mechanisms, agent detection mechanisms, and so on.

How does evolution affect behavior?

According to evolutionary psychologists, patterns of behavior have evolved through natural selection , in the same way that physical characteristics have evolved. Because of natural selection, adaptive behaviors, or behaviors that increase reproductive success, are kept and passed on from one generation to the next.

What does evolutionary perspective focus on?

An evolutionary perspective of personality and individual differences proposes that our personalities and individual differences have evolved, in part , to provide us with some form of adaptive advantage in the context of survival and reproduction.

How do behaviorists explain behavior?

Behaviorism focuses on the idea that all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment . This learning theory states that behaviors are learned from the environment, and says that innate or inherited factors have very little influence on behavior.

What are the basic principles of evolutionary psychology?

There are well-developed principles and theories within evolutionary psychology that have sparked considerable empirical research. In this chapter, four major theories are explored— (1) prepared learning, (2) inclusive fitness and kin selection, (3) reciprocity and cooperation, and (4) parental investment .

How do evolution and genetics influence behavior?

Both play important roles. Genes capture the evolutionary responses of prior populations to selection on behavior. ... Genes, via their influences on morphology and physiology , create a framework within which the environment acts to shape the behavior of an individual animal.

What do behaviorists all focus on?

Behaviorism suggests that all behavior can be explained by environmental causes rather than by internal forces. Behaviorism is focused on observable behavior . Theories of learning including classical conditioning and operant conditioning were the focus of a great deal of research.

What is wrong with evolutionary psychology?

A frequent criticism of evolutionary psychology is that its hypotheses are difficult or impossible to test , challenging its status as an empirical science. ... They allege that evolutionary psychology can predict many, or even all, behaviours for a given situation, including contradictory ones.

What are the weaknesses of evolutionary psychology?

The most fundamental weakness of evolutionary psychology is that it often relies on speculations about what might have happened in the distant past . It is at risk of incorrect explanations of the status quo, and these can be misinterpreted as justifications for the status quo (see Just-So Stories).