Key facts. Female genital mutilation ( FGM ) involves the partial or total removal of external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. The practice has no health benefits for girls and women.
What are the four types of FGM?
- Type I – Clitoridectomy. Partial or total removal of the clitoris (a small, sensitive and erectile part of the female genitals) and/or the prepuce (the clitoral hood or fold of skin surrounding the clitoris).
- Type II – Excision. ...
- Type III – Infibulation. ...
- Type IV – Other.
What is the word for genital mutilation?
Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a procedure where the female genitals are deliberately cut, injured or changed, but there’s no medical reason for this to be done. It’s also known as female circumcision or cutting , and by other terms, such as sunna, gudniin, halalays, tahur, megrez and khitan, among others.
What is female genital mutilation in biology?
Female genital mutilation (FGM) is defined by the World Health Organization (2008) as all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for nonmedical reasons .
What is female genital distortion?
6. “Female genital distortion”: also meaning “corruption” or “damaging” ; the connotation of this term, while on the negative side, is mainly political. The term is rarely used by the public. ... “The term is non-judgmental as it is a medical term describing what is done to female genitalia.
Is mutilation a crime?
Maiming has often been a criminal offense ; the old law term for a special case of maiming of persons was mayhem, an Anglo-French variant form of the word. Maiming of animals by others than their owners is a particular form of the offense generally grouped as malicious damage.
Why do they do breast ironing?
The practice is typically performed by a close female figure to the victim, traditionally fulfilled by a mother, grandmother, aunt, or female guardian who will say she is trying to protect the girl from sexual harassment and rape, to prevent early pregnancy that would tarnish the family name, preventing the spread of ...
What type of FGM is most severe?
Type III is the most severe type of FGM, known as infibulation, which involves the narrowing of the vaginal orifice with the creation of a seal that is formed by cutting and then stitching the labia minora and/or the labia majora with or without excision of the clitoris.
Where is FGM legal?
| Country | Kenya | Criminalised | Specific anti-FGM law | Since | 2001 | Notes | Specific national anti-FGM law which prohibits FGM. Cross-border FGM also criminalised. |
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How long do you go to jail for FGM?
FGM is illegal in the UK, with a penalty of up to 14 years in prison .
What is mutilation mean?
1 : an act or instance of destroying, removing, or severely damaging a limb or other body part of a person or animal the mutilation of a body They were men who had been sexually damaged by disease, accident, or deliberate mutilation.—
What is child genital mutilation?
Female genital mutilation is defined as the removal of part or all of the female genitalia for nonmedical reasons . It is also called female circumcision and cutting. The procedure is most often done to girls between birth and age 15.
How do you know when a woman is circumcised?
She may also know of a female relative being cut previously . A girl who has had FGM may have difficulty walking, standing or sitting and could spend longer in the bathroom or toilet. They could also appear withdrawn, anxious or depressed and exhibit unusual behaviour after an absence from school or college.
What is the purpose of a Clitorectomy?
Clitoridectomy or clitorectomy is the surgical removal, reduction, or partial removal of the clitoris . It is rarely used as a therapeutic medical procedure, such as when cancer has developed in or spread to the clitoris. It is often performed on intersex newborns.
Is male circumcision mutilation?
In many cases this is done without good medical justification, for example to force the infant to conform to the expectations of a particular religion. Just as we call sex without consent ‘rape’, circumcision without consent or reasonable justification should be called ‘mutilation’.
What age does a woman’s breast stop growing?
In general, breast development begins between the ages of 8 and 13. A girl’s breasts are typically fully developed by age 17 or 18 , however in some cases they can continue to grow into her early twenties.
