Broadbent (1958) proposed that
physical characteristics of messages are used to select one message for further processing
and that all others are lost. Information from all of the stimuli presented at any given time enters an unlimited capacity sensory buffer.
What is filter theory briefly?
Filter theory is
an explanation of attraction proposed by Kerchoff
and Davies (1962). This theory suggests that people develop relationships by applying a series of filters, such as similarity of social demographic factors and attitudes and complementarity of needs to narrow down the pool of available candidates.
What did Donald Broadbent propose?
In 1958, Donald Broadbent proposed
the Filter Model of Attention which
states that there is a sensory buffer where all sensory stimuli enter at any given time. One of the sensory inputs is chosen based on the physical attributes of the stimuli. This input is then allowed to pass through a filter.
What is filter attenuation theory?
a version of the filter theory
of attention proposing that unattended messages are attenuated
(i.e., processed weakly) but not entirely blocked from further processing.
What did cherry 1953 find?
Cherry (1953) found that
we use physical differences between the various auditory messages to select the one of interest
. These physical differences include differences in the sex of the speaker, in voice intensity, and in the location of the speaker.
What are the filter theories of attention?
The early selection model of attention, proposed by Broadbent,
posits that stimuli are filtered, or selected to be attended to
, at an early stage during processing. A filter can be regarded as the selector of relevant information based on basic features, such as color, pitch, or direction of stimuli.
What is an example of divided attention?
Divided attention is the ability to pay attention to two tasks at once such
as cooking a meal while talking to a friend or driving a car and talking to a passenger at the same time
– neither activity is stopped in order to carry out the other activity.
What is attention theory?
In many theories, attention is
the link between perception and memory
: the amount of attention devoted to an event at the time it occurs (i.e., at encoding) is a good predictor of the likelihood that it will be consciously remembered later (i.e., at retrieval).
What are the main filters in filter theory?
The filter theory proposes that in order to select a suitable partner, we filter out potential candidates through three stages:
social demography, similarity of attitudes and complementary of needs
.
Who founded filter theory?
Kerckhoff and Davis
(1962) studied student couples (mainly in short-term relationships of fewer than 18 months) and discovered several important criteria people use to choose a partner. They call these criteria ‘filters’, as they help people to sift through all potential partners to choose the right one.
Who proposed attenuation theory?
2. Filter-attenuation theory Filter- attenuation theory was developed by
Triesman
by modifying Broadbent’s theory. This theory proposes that the stimuli not getting access to the selective filter at a given moment of time are not completely blocked.
What does attenuation mean in psychology?
the lessening or weakening in strength, value, or quality of a stimulus or other factor, for example, a medication acting on symptoms. … ATTENUATION: “
Attenuation in the person’s depressive symptoms occurred when he or she began to take medication and partake in therapy
.”
What are the types of attention?
There are four main types of attention that we use in our daily lives:
selective attention, divided attention, sustained attention, and executive attention
.
What is the bottleneck theory of attention?
The bottleneck theory suggests
that individuals have a limited amount of attentional resources that they can use at one time
. Therefore, information and stimuli are ‘filtered’ somehow so that only the most salient and important information is perceived. This theory was proposed by Broadbent in 1958.
What is Cocktail Party Syndrome?
The cocktail party effect refers to
the ability to focus one’s attention a particular stimulus while filtering out a range of other stimuli
(i.e., noise).
What is shadowing in psychology?
n. in cognitive testing,
a task in which a participant repeats aloud a message word for word at the same time that the message is being presented
, often while other stimuli are presented in the background. It is mainly used in studies of attention.
