Communicable disease surveillance is a multi-component system that monitors and analyzes data that includes – but is not limited to – demographic, geographic, and disease/condition-specific information.
What is the meaning of disease surveillance?
Disease surveillance is an information-based activity involving the collection, analysis and interpretation of large volumes of data originating from a variety of sources . The information collated is then used in a number of ways to. Evaluate the effectiveness of control and preventative health measures.
What is the purpose of the communicable disease surveillance system?
A communicable disease surveillance system serves two key functions; early warning of potential threats to public health and programme monitoring functions which may be disease- specific or multi-disease in nature.
What is the purpose of disease surveillance?
Information from surveillance systems can be used to monitor the burden of a disease over time , detect changes in disease occurrence (e.g., outbreaks), determine risk factors for the disease and populations at greatest risk, guide immediate public health actions for individual patients or the community, guide programs ...
How is disease surveillance done?
Monitoring of self-reported rates of illness in the community through the NSW health survey program. Sentinel surveillance through hospitals, outpatient clinics or community-based health services.
What are the two types of surveillance?
There are two primary types of disease surveillance: passive and active .
What are the 5 steps of surveillance?
- Introduction.
- Purpose and Characteristics of Public Health Surveillance.
- Identifying Health Problems for Surveillance.
- Identifying or Collecting Data for Surveillance.
- Analyzing and Interpreting Data.
- Disseminating Data and Interpretations.
- Evaluating and Improving Surveillance.
- Summary.
What are the four types of surveillance systems?
- Sentinel Surveillance. ...
- Periodic Population-based Surveys. ...
- Laboratory-based Surveillance. ...
- Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response. ...
- Example: The Philippine National Epidemic Surveillance System. ...
- Informal Networks as Critical Elements of Surveillance Systems.
What are the 10 communicable diseases?
- 2019-nCoV.
- CRE.
- Ebola.
- Enterovirus D68.
- Flu.
- Hantavirus.
- Hepatitis A.
- Hepatitis B.
What are the main causes of contagious disease?
Infectious diseases commonly spread through the direct transfer of bacteria, viruses or other germs from one person to another. This can happen when an individual with the bacterium or virus touches, kisses, or coughs or sneezes on someone who isn’t infected.
What are the three types of surveillance?
- Interviews – For a missing person investigation, interviews are paramount to understanding the subject. ...
- Physical observation – Physical observation is common for spousal investigations. ...
- Electronic – Electronic monitoring is often the tool of choice among investigators.
What are the different types of surveillance?
- Electronic surveillance – Electronic surveillance equipment is often the most used tool during an investigation. ...
- Interviews – Interviews are far less common, but they can serve a purpose in certain investigations. ...
- Observation – You can gather a lot of information just by observing someone.
What are the elements of surveillance?
Each of these sectors contributes to the four basic components of surveillance, which are (1) collection, (2) analysis, (3) dissemination, and (4) response . Collection and analysis can be conducted at the local, state, federal, or international level by public agencies as well as by private industry.
Who is responsible for reporting communicable diseases?
Medical doctors, osteopaths, veterinarians, podiatrists, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, nurses, nurse midwives, infection control practitioners, medical examiners, coroners, dentists, and administrators of health facilities and clinics knowing of a case or suspected case of a communicable disease are ...
What are the activities in surveillance?
In general, public health surveillance involves collecting, testing, analyzing, and using information or biospecimens to improve public health and prevent disease . It provides timely and useful evidence, and it enables public health authorities to be more effective in their efforts to protect and promote public health.
Who can carry out health surveillance?
Medical surveillance should be carried out under the supervision of a qualified occupational health nurse or medical practitioner familiar with the aims of health surveillance and the process you work with.
