Fast mapping is
an approach to vocabulary acquisition
. Fast mapping is the cognitive process of acquiring novel vocabulary though a brief exposure to the word and its referent (McLaughlin, 1998). Typically developing children acquire vocabulary through fast mapping.
What are fast mapping skills?
In cognitive psychology, fast mapping is the term used for
the hypothesized mental process whereby a new concept is learned (or a new hypothesis formed) based only on minimal exposure to a given unit of information
(e.g., one exposure to a word in an informative context where its referent is present).
What’s an example of fast mapping?
The process of rapidly learning a new word by contrasting it with a familiar word. This is an important tool that children use during language acquisition. An example would be
presenting a young child with two toy animals
– one a familiar creature (a dog) and one unfamiliar (a platypus).
What is the first step in fast mapping?
The first critical step, known as fast mapping (Carey, 1978) or referent selection (Horst & Samuelson, 2008),
includes creating a new lexical entry for a word, forming some initial representation of the object, and forming an initial link between these representations
(Carey, 1978; 2010).
What is fast mapping in speech pathology?
“Fast mapping” (Carey & Bartlett, 1978) is
a hypothesized process enabling children to rapidly create lexical representations for the unfamiliar words they encounter
. … Of those children who did not attempt to label the novel referent, a significant percentage recognized the correct label.
What is the purpose of fast mapping?
Fast mapping is
the process whereby a child learns a new word very quickly, often after only one exposure to the word
. Fast mapping is fast, but not always completely accurate, so it is complemented by extended mapping, whereby children refine their knowledge of a vocabulary word through repeated exposures to the word.
Who first introduced the concept of fast mapping?
The term fast mapping was coined in the 1970s by
Susan Carey and Elsa Bartlett
, who demonstrated that 3- and 4-year-old children could learn the meaning of an unfamiliar word at their first encounter with it. Children were asked to bring their nursery teacher “the chromium tray, not the blue one, the chromium one”.
What is an example of Underextension?
n.
the incorrect restriction of the use of a word
, which is a mistake commonly made by young children acquiring language. For example, a child may believe that the label dog applies only to Fido, the family pet.
What is a vocabulary explosion?
At about the age of 18 months, children experience a “vocabulary explosion” that
suddenly involves learning new words, left and right
. … “They have to be learning more than one word at a time, and they must be learning a greater number of difficult or moderate words than easy words.
What is an example of overextension?
Overextension occurs when a categorical term (a word used to describe a group of things) is used in language to represent more categories than it actually does. This happens in particular with very young children. An example is when
a child refers to all animals as ‘doggie’ or refers to a lion as a ‘kitty
.
What is an example of syntactic bootstrapping?
An early demonstration by Naigles (1990) of syntactic bootstrapping involved showing 2-year-olds a
video of a duck using its left hand to push a rabbit down into a squatting position while both the animals wave their right arms in circles
. Children were then presented two distinct follow-up videos.
How does fast mapping apply to children’s learning curse words?
According to Kahlbaugh, kids acquire language through a process called “fast mapping.” That means
when they hear a word
, they’ll pick it up even though they don’t know its meaning. When the word’s an obscenity, the child might hear it used by the person “along with an expression of anger,” which gets their attention.
What does the 30 million word gap mean?
The public service campaigns are the legacy of a well-known study called
Meaningful Differences in the Everyday Experience of Young American Children
—more commonly known as the “30 Million Word Gap” study—which concluded that the first three years of a child’s life are critical to advancing their language development …
What is Holophrastic speech?
Holophrastic speech: It’s not always obvious when naming shifts into holophrastic speech, since it’s still just made up of individual words, but holophrastic speech happens
when toddlers have whole sentences full of ideas in their heads
, but their language skills limit them to providing the highlights in one-word …
What is overgeneralization in child development?
Overgeneralization occurs
when a child uses the wrong word to name an object
and is often observed in the early stages of word learning. We develop a method to elicit overgeneralizations in the laboratory by priming children to say the names of objects perceptually similar to known and unknown target objects.
What is a contrast assumption?
contrast assumption.
The assumption that objects have only one label
; also known as the mutual exclusivity assumption. (If a word means one thing, then it cannot mean another.)
