Gist is
the general visual category of a scene
, generally describable in a few words. It is unclear whether participants in early image memory studies were using memory for visual details, memory for gist (conceptual information specific to the image), or verbal encoding to discriminate old from new images.
How does the gist of a scene influence object recognition?
The influence of scene context on object recognition is
independent of attentional focus
. Humans can quickly and accurately recognize objects within briefly presented natural scenes. … These results indicate that a semantically consistent scene context benefits object recognition independently of the focus of attention.
What is gist perception?
People can recognize the meaning of a scene, or the “gist,”
during their first eye fixation on that scene
; for example, they can recognize that it is a beach, a dining room, or a street.
What is the gist of a scene?
Perceptual gist refers to the
structural representation of a scene built during perception
. Conceptual gist includes the semantic information that is inferred while viewing a scene or shortly after the scene has disappeared from view.
What is change blindness in psychology?
Change blindness is
a phenomenon of visual perception that occurs when a stimulus undergoes a change without this being noticed by its observer
. To date, the effect has been produced by changing images displayed on screen as well as changing people and objects in an individual’s environment.
What is context of a scene?
On the one hand, the global context of a scene might be considered as an
ultimate representation
, suggesting that object processing is performed almost systematically before scene context analysis. Alternatively, the gist of a scene could be extracted sufficiently early to be able to influence object categorization.
Which theory of scene recognition is supported by the results from the study conducted by Davenport and Potter 2004 )?
Discussion.
The scene consistency effect in the background recognition task was replicated
. These data supported the hypothesis of Davenport and Potter (2004), which predicted that backgrounds would exert contextual effects on object recognition and vice versa.
How do studies of objects in typical versus atypical scenes or locations indicate top down influences on object and gist perception of scenes?
How do studies of objects in typical versus atypical scenes (or locations) indicate top-down influences on object and gist perception of scenes?
Biedermans study illuminated that objects are better recognized in typical rather than atypical
locations which suggest quick gist representation of the overall scene.
What is an example of change blindness in the real world?
Change Blindness in the Real World
Change blindness might cause problems in real-world situations, such as:
Air Traffic Control
. Disasters and even fatalities could result if an air traffic controller failed to detect changes when monitoring take-offs, landings, and flight paths. Driving.
What is change blindness and why is it important?
Change blindness refers to a
phenomenon in which large changes to the visual world go undetected if attention
is not already focused on the objects or area in which the change occurs. … In each of these cases of change blindness, it is clear that the focus of attention is an important predictor.
What is the importance of change blindness?
Change blindness is
a phenomenon where subjects fail to detect even a large change in the visual scene
. Studies on change blindness have proved useful for understanding attention, perception and visual short-term memory (vSTM).
What is an example of context?
immediately next to or surrounding a specified word or passage and determining its exact meaning. … An example of context is
the words that surround the word “read”
that help the reader determine the tense of the word. An example of context is the history surrounding the story of Shakespeare’s King Henry IV.
What is the best definition of context?
1 :
the parts of a discourse that surround a word or passage and can throw light on its meaning
. 2 : the interrelated conditions in which something exists or occurs : environment, setting the historical context of the war.
Social context
can influence how someone perceives something
. … For example, a person who is trying a new food in an unwelcoming or harsh environment might perceive the food as tasting bad and not like it in the future.
How does consistency affect perception?
Jodi L. Davenport; Consistency effects in the perception of briefly viewed scenes. … Prior research (Davenport & Potter, 2004) found that single foreground objects and their settings are
reported more accurately when the object and background are mutually consistent rather than inconsistent
.
What prediction could you make on the basis of the recognition via multiple views approach to object recognition?
What prediction could you make on the basis of the “recognition-via-multiple-views” approach to object recognition?
It will be harder to recognize an object from some vantage points than from others
.
