The Indus Valley civilization was a Bronze Age civilization (3300–1300 BC; mature period 2700-1700 BC) The civilization was in the subcontinent. It was discovered by archaeologists in the 1880s.
What is Indus Valley civilization known for?
The Indus River Valley Civilization, also known as Harappan civilization, developed the first accurate system of standardized weights and measures , some as accurate as to 1.6 mm. Harappans created sculpture, seals, pottery, and jewelry from materials, such as terracotta, metal, and stone.
Where is Indus Valley?
The Harappan civilization was located in the Indus River valley. Its two large cities, Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, were located in present-day Pakistan’s Punjab and Sindh provinces , respectively. Its extent reached as far south as the Gulf of Khambhat and as far east as the Yamuna (Jumna) River.
What is the Indus valley known for answer in one sentence?
The Indus valley civilization is famous for town planning and advanced engineering . Cities like Mohenjodaro and Harappa had citadels to the West which were built on a higher platform and the residential area was in the east. Both of these were surrounded by high brick walls.
What do you mean by Civilisation?
civilisation. / (ˌsɪvɪlaɪˈzeɪʃən) / a human society that has highly developed material and spiritual resources and a complex cultural, political, and legal organization; an advanced state in social development. the peoples or nations collectively who have achieved such a state.
What kind of civilization was Indus Valley?
The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), also known as the Indus Civilisation, was a Bronze Age civilisation in the northwestern regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in its mature form from 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE.
What language did the Indus Valley speak?
Indus valley people spoke ancient Dravidian language , claims new research.
Why was the Indus Valley civilization so successful?
The people of the Indus Valley were successful farmers who grew crops in the fertile soil beside the river . They also used mud from the river to make bricks for their buildings, and they constructed the world’s first planned towns and cities. Indus society was very organized and rich in arts and crafts.
How was life in the Indus Valley?
It was very hot in the Indus Valley so people spent a lot of time outside. Most people had small homes which were also used as workshops. There was not much space to relax. Richer families had courtyards.
How old is Indus Valley civilization?
Scientists from IIT-Kharagpur and Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) have uncovered evidence that the Indus Valley Civilization is at least 8,000 years old , and not 5,500 years old, taking root well before the Egyptian (7000BC to 3000BC) and Mesopotamian (6500BC to 3100BC) civilizations.
Why is the Indus Valley Civilization also called Class 6?
The Indus Valley Civilization is also known as Harappan Civilisation. This is because of the following reasons: 1. Harappa was the first city to be excavated in the process of discovery of the civilisation.
What are the main features of Indus Valley Civilization class 6?
The significant features of Indus Valley civilization are personal cleanliness, town planning, construction of burnt-brick houses, ceramics, casting, forging of metals, manufacturing of cotton and woolen textiles . 3. Mohenjo-Daro people had finest bath facilities, drainage system, and knowledge of personal hygiene.
Where is Indus River?
The Indus is one of Asia’s mightiest rivers. From its source in the northwestern foothills of the Himalayas, it flows through the Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir and along the length of Pakistan to the Arabian Sea.
Who discovered the Indus Valley civilization?
Sir John Hubert Marshall led an excavation campaign in 1921-1922, during which he discovered the ruins of the city of Harappa. By 1931, the Mohenjo-daro site had been mostly excavated by Marshall and Sir Mortimer Wheeler. By 1999, over 1,056 cities and settlements of the Indus Civilization were located.
Why do civilizations form?
Civilizations expand through trade, conflict, and exploration . Usually, all three elements must be present for a civilization to grow and remain stable for a long period of time. The physical and human geography of Southeast Asia allowed these attributes to develop in the Khmer civilization, for example.
What was the first civilization?
The Mesopotamian Civilization . And here it is, the first civilization to have ever emerged. The origin of Mesopotamia dates back so far that there is no known evidence of any other civilized society before them. The timeline of ancient Mesopotamia is usually held to be from around 3300 BC to 750 BC.
When did the Indus Valley civilization flourish?
The Indus Valley Civilization was a cultural and political entity which flourished in the northern region of the Indian subcontinent between c. 7000 – c. 600 BCE .
Where did the Indus Valley live?
The Indus people lived on the banks of the Indus river, the longest river in Pakistan . The Indus river begins high up in the Himalayan mountains (the tallest mountain range in the world), and flows nearly 3,000 kilometres to the Arabian Sea.
Why is Indus Valley civilization known as urban civilization?
The elements of urban civilisation in the Harappan Culture are as follows: Harappan civilisation was a Bronze Age culture which has been known to the world for its urbanism. Very special for its planned cities, drainage system and use of kiln bricks for making massive structures .
What did the Indus Valley Civilization invent?
Important innovations of this civilization include standardized weights and measures, seal carving, and metallurgy with copper, bronze, lead, and tin . Little is understood about the Indus script, and as a result, little is known about the Indus River Valley Civilization’s institutions and systems of governance.
What did the Indus Valley believe in?
The Indus Valley religion is polytheistic and is made up of Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. There are many seals to support the evidence of the Indus Valley Gods. Some seals show animals which resemble the two gods, Shiva and Rudra. Other seals depict a tree which the Indus Valley believed to be the tree of life.
How many characters did the Indus Valley writing have?
Tallying all the characters appearing on all known texts, researchers count between 400 and 700 distinct Indus signs .
What did the Indus Valley eat?
Apart from meat, the people of the Indus Valley Civilisation grew and ate a variety of cereals and pulses . There is archaeological evidence for cultivation of pea (matar), chickpea (chana), pigeon pea (tur/arhar), horse gram (chana dal) and green gram (moong).
What happened Indus civilization?
Some historians believed the Indus civilisation was destroyed in a large war . Hindu poems called the Rig Veda (from around 1500 BC) describe northern invaders conquering the Indus Valley cities. ... It’s more likely that the cities collapsed after natural disasters. Enemies might have moved in afterwards.
How old is India?
India is home to one of the oldest civilizations in the world. From the traces of hominoid activity discovered in the subcontinent, it is recognized that the area now known as India was inhabited approximately 250,000 years ago .
Why is Sindhu called Indus?
The river’s conventional name derives from the Tibetan and Sanskrit name Sindhu . The earliest chronicles and hymns of the Indo-European-speaking peoples of ancient India, the Rigveda, composed about 1500 bce, mention the river, which is the source of the country’s name. The Indus River basin and its drainage network.
What is a civilization class 6?
A civilization (or civilisation) is a complex society that is characterized by urban development, social stratification, a form of government, and symbolic systems of communication (such as writing).
What is Citadel in history?
a fortress that commands a city and is used in the control of the inhabitants and in defense during attack or siege. any strongly fortified place; stronghold.
What are the characteristics of civilization?
All civilizations have certain characteristics. These include: (1) large population centers ; (2) monumental architecture and unique art styles; (3) written language; (4) systems for administering territories; (5) a complex division of labor; and (6) the division of people into social classes.
Where does Indus enter India?
The Indus river begins its journey near the Mansarovar Lake, in Tibet in China. The people there identify the river as Singhi Khamban or Lion’s Mouth. From Tibet, flowing towards the west, the river enters India through Ladakh .
Why is lothal famous?
Lothal is famous for the discovery of several ruins of Indus Valley Civilization . Lothal is located between the Sabarmati river and its tributary Bhogavo, in the Saurasthra region. ... Excavation was carried out at Lothal between 1955 and 1962, after which the site as well as the site museum were set up for tourists.
