Hint: The abbreviation et al. is short for the Latin phrase et alia, meaning
“and others
.” et al.
What is the meaning of the et al?
One of these is the Latin phrase et al., an abbreviation meaning
“and others
.” It is used to shorten lists of author names in text citations to make repeated referencing shorter and simpler.
How do you use et al?
Use the word “and” between the authors’ names within the text and use the ampersand in parentheses. In subsequent citations, only use the first author’s last name followed by “et al.” in the signal phrase or in parentheses. In et al.,
et should not be followed by a period
.
What is et al and when is it used?
One of these is the Latin phrase et al., an
abbreviation meaning “and others
.” It is used to shorten lists of author names in text citations to make repeated referencing shorter and simpler.
What is et al example?
This phrase means
“and others
.” Most commonly, et al. indicates other contributors (authors, editors, etc.) in a bibliographic list, such as “Feynman, Hawking, Sagan, et al.” There should always be a period after et al. to show it is an abbreviation.
Can I use et al in a greeting?
The use of et al. is not standard in greetings
, so people will stumble over it, wondering whether they missed an important new rule somewhere. Writers using the unusual greeting will worry about how to punctuate after it, and their readers will spend time questioning whatever punctuation choice the writers make.
How Should et al be written?
matter what, “et” is never followed by a period.
Only “al” is followed by a period
. That means that “et al.” is the only proper spelling of the phrase.
Do you put a comma after et al?
Remember that
there is no comma between the surname and “et al.
,” and the period goes only after the “al.” The English translation of “et al.” is “and others.” A helpful table of this rule can be found in APA 7, Table 8.1.
How do you cite et al?
List only the first author’s name followed by “et al.” in every citation, even the first, unless doing so would create ambiguity between different sources. In et al.,
et should not be followed by a period
. Only “al” should be followed by a period.
Does et al have a period?
Because et al. is short for et alii (Latin for “and others”), the
second word is actually an abbreviation and as such takes a period
.
Can you use et al in a email?
into work emails
.
When referring to a group of coworkers, it may be easier to use et al. than list everyone who made a contribution. Keep your audience in mind when using et al. in informal writing.
Does et al only apply to people?
should only be used to describe people
. However, it is used (albeit infrequently) in reference to other things as well. Et al. is most commonly found in scholarly writing, especially when used to avoid having to list a number of different authors in a bibliography or footnote.
What do you put after et al?
When using the authors name in your writing you should include
the full stop after
et al. For example: Burrows et al.
Do you use and before et al?
When there are three to five authors, use all of their last names in the first citation, and
afterwards use the first author’s name with et al
. Use commas to separate the names, use an ampersand (&) instead of “and,” and place a comma before the date.
How do you write et al in APA 7?
Use only
the first author’s last name followed by “et al.”
, for every use of the reference. List all authors up to 19 names. For 21 or more authors, include the first 19, then an ellipsis – … – followed by the last author’s name.
What is APA Format example?
APA in-text citation style
uses the author’s last name and the year of publication
, for example: (Field, 2005). For direct quotations, include the page number as well, for example: (Field, 2005, p. 14).
