The natural draft cooling tower is an open, direct-contact system . ... To increase the heat transfer surface area (and optimize the cooling process), hot water is sprayed from nozzles within the tower. This increases both the temperature and humidity of the air in the tower.
Which of the following is type of natural draft cooling tower?
Hyperboloid (sometimes incorrectly known as hyperbolic) cooling towers have become the design standard for all natural-draft cooling towers because of their structural strength and minimum usage of material. The hyperboloid shape also aids in accelerating the upward convective air flow, improving cooling efficiency.
What is the difference between natural and forced draft cooling tower?
Natural draft towers rely on a “chimney effect” to obtain circulation of the air through the water. ... 16, the tower is an induced design, since the fan is located on top of the tower and draws the air through it. In forced-draft cooling towers, the air fan is located at the bottom of the tower.
What are the types of cooling towers?
- Natural Draft cooling towers use the design and shape of the tower itself to move up the air naturally using fans. ...
- Mechanical Draft towers tend to use a fan to force the air.
Where is the fan located in a natural draft cooling tower?
Natural Draft Cooling Towers can also be equipped with fans. The fans are installed at the air inlet for forced-draft air movement or on a deck above the fills to induce air flow .
What is the advantage of forced draft cooling tower?
The forced draft cooling towers remove low-potential heat generated in the production process . They use atmospheric cooling with wet technology and forced draft. A counterflow of air and hot water in the cooling fill results in a heat transfer.
What is a cross flow cooling tower?
In a crossflow tower, air travels horizontally across the direction of the falling water whereas in a counterflow tower air travels in the opposite direction (counter) to the direction of the falling water. ... This is because of the air inlets on each style of tower.
What is L G in terms of cooling tower?
Explanation: The L / G is called a liquid-gas ratio . It is defined as the ratio of water flow rate to the air mass flow rate in the cooling tower. This L / G ratio affects the effectiveness of the cooling tower.
How does the flow of air occur in natural Draught cooling tower?
Explanation: In natural draught cooling tower, the flow of air occurs due to the natural pressure head caused by density difference between the cold outside air and hot humid air inside . ... This increases the cooling rate by increasing the air velocity over the wet surfaces and through the tower.
What is the function of cooling tower in steam power plant?
Industrial cooling towers are larger than HVAC systems and are used to remove heat absorbed in the circulating cooling water systems used in power plants, petroleum refineries, petrochemical plants, natural gas processing plants, food processing plants, and other industrial facilities.
What is the pH of cooling tower water?
The neutral pH of cooling tower water is 7.0 . For every 1.0 increase in pH, the alkalinity increases by ten times, according to the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF). Measurements below 7.0 correspond to acidic substances. Stronger acids have lower pH values.
What is TDS cooling tower?
Cooling towers are used within some businesses for process water cooling or as part of an air-conditioning system. ... ‘Bleed’, ‘blow-down’ or ‘dump’ cycles – as water is evaporated, concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS) increase which is detrimental to the efficient operation of the unit.
Which type of cooling tower is more efficient?
The film type of fill is the more efficient and provides same heat transfer in a smaller volume than the splash fill. Cold water basin: The cold water basin, located at or near the bottom of the tower, receives the cooled water that flows down through the tower and fill.
How do natural draft cooling towers work?
The natural draft cooling tower is an open, direct-contact system. It works using a heat exchanger, allowing hot water from the system to be cooled through direct contact with fresh air . ... The warmer, moister air moves to the top of the tower, while the cold water is collected at the bottom.
What is the working principle of cooling tower?
Cooling tower systems work by using water to extract waste heat from a system and ejecting it into the atmosphere primarily through evaporation . The three key components of a cooling system are the cooling tower, recirculating pump, and heat exchanger. Water first passes through a heat exchanger where it absorbs heat.
What is the difference between natural and mechanical draft?
Natural draft cooling towers allow for air circulation through natural convection, pushing hot air out and cool air in. Mechanical draft cooling towers, on the other hand, functions in a similar way but deploys fans and other equipment to circulate air .
