Koontz and O’Donnell on planning: “‘deciding in advance what to do, how. to do it, when to do it, and who is to do it.” (Koontz and O’Donnell) contend.
planning presupposes alternatives; it involves choosing among competing alternatives
‘ (1976: 70).
What is planning according to Mitchell?
“Planning is usually interpreted as
a process to develop a strategy to achieve desired [] objectives, to solve problems, and to facilitate action
” (Mitchell 2002, 6). The role of the planner is thus to identify a desirable future and to prepare a course of action to achieve this goal (Mitchell 2002).
What is planning according to Bill Goetz?
According to Killen, “Planning is
the process of deciding in advance what is to be done, who is to do it, how it is to be done and when it is to be done
”. It is the determination of a course of action to achieve the desired results.
What is planning according?
According to Urwick, “Planning is
a mental predisposition to do things in orderly way, to think before acting and to act in the light of facts rather than guesses
”. Planning is deciding best alternative among others to perform different managerial functions in order to achieve predetermined goals.
What is planning according to business?
Planning is
a management process concerned with defining goals for a company’s future direction and determining the resources required to achieve those goals
. Managers may develop a variety of plans ( business plan, marketing plan, etc.) during the planning process.
What are the 4 types of planning?
- Operational Planning. “Operational plans are about how things need to happen,” motivational leadership speaker Mack Story said at LinkedIn. …
- Strategic Planning. “Strategic plans are all about why things need to happen,” Story said. …
- Tactical Planning. …
- Contingency Planning.
What is the importance of planning?
Planning
increases the efficiency of an organization
. It reduces the risks involved in modern business activities. It facilitates proper coordination within an organization. It aids in organizing all available resources.
What are the steps of planning?
- Suggested Videos. Classification of business. …
- 1] Recognizing Need for Action. …
- 2] Setting Objectives. …
- 3] Developing Premises. …
- 4] Identifying Alternatives. …
- 5] Examining Alternate Course of Action. …
- 6] Selecting the Alternative. …
- 7] Formulating Supporting Plan.
What are the features of planning?
- Planning is Primary Function: …
- Planning is Pervasive: …
- Planning is Future Oriented: …
- Planning is Goal-Oriented: …
- Planning is Continuous: …
- Planning is an Intellectual Process:
What is planning in simple words?
Planning gives more power over the future
. Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it, and who should do it. This bridges the gap from where the organization is to where it wants to be. The planning function involves establishing goals and arranging them in logical order.
What is the 6 importance of planning?
(6) SET STANDARDS FOR CONTROLLING
Planning involves the setting of goals and these predetermined goals are accomplished with the help of managerial functions like
planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling
. Planning provides standards against which actual performance is measured.
What is planning what are the objectives of planning?
Here we detail about the six major objectives of planning in India, i.e., (a)
Economic Growth
, (b) Attaining Economic Equality and Social Justice, (c) Achieving Full Employment, (d) Attaining Economic Self-Reliance, (e) Modernisation of Various Sectors, and (f) Redressing Imbalances in the Economy.
What are the 5 steps in the planning process?
- Determine your strategic position.
- Prioritize your objectives.
- Develop a strategic plan.
- Execute and manage your plan.
- Review and revise the plan.
What are the 6 steps in the planning process?
- Step 1 – Identifying problems and opportunities.
- Step 2 – Inventorying and forecasting conditions.
- Step 3 – Formulating alternative plans.
- Step 4 – Evaluating alternative plans.
- Step 5 – Comparing alternative plans.
- Step 6 – Selecting a plan.
What is good planning?
A good plan is
based upon clear, well-defined and easily understood objectives
. General objectives like improving morale or increasing profits are ambiguous in nature and do not lend to specific steps and plans. If possible, objectives must be quantified for sake of simplicity.
What are the three levels of management?
- Administrative, Managerial, or Top Level of Management.
- Executive or Middle Level of Management.
- Supervisory, Operative, or Lower Level of Management.
