Psychosocial development involves changes not only in children's overt behavior but also in their social cognition. For example, they
become able to take the perspective of others and to understand that other people's behavior is based on their knowledge and desires
.
Psychosocial development is just a fancy phrase that refers to
how a person's individual needs (psycho) mesh with the needs or demands of society (social)
. According to Erikson, a person passes through eight developmental stages that build on each other. At each stage we face a crisis.
An adolescent has four tasks to accomplish to become a well-adjusted adult. These tasks are categorized as: 1) independence, 2) body image, 3) peer relations, and 4) identity.
One of the strengths of psychosocial theory is that it
provides a broad framework from which to view development throughout the entire lifespan
. It also allows us to emphasize the social nature of human beings and the important influence that social relationships have on development.
According to Erikson, preschool children must resolve the task of
initiative versus guilt
. By learning to plan and achieve goals while interacting with others, preschool children can master this task. Those who do will develop self-confidence and feel a sense of purpose.
- Love your child and show your affection for them. …
- Encourage your child to try new things. …
- Give your child opportunities to play with other children their age. …
- Show your feelings. …
- Establish daily routines. …
- Acknowledge your child's feelings.
Psychosocial characteristics is commonly described as an
individual's psychological development in relation to his/her social and cultural environment
. … Individual psychological and social aspects are related to individual's social conditions, mental and emotional health.
What are the 7 stages of development?
There are seven stages a human moves through during his or her life span. These stages include
infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood and old age
.
What are the 4 stages of identity development?
Marcia's four identity stages are
diffusion (low exploration, low commitment), foreclosure (low exploration, high commitment), moratorium (high exploration, low commitment)
, and achievement (high exploration, high commitment).
What are the 5 theories of development?
- Erikson's Psychosocial Developmental Theory.
- Bowlby's Attachment Theory.
- Freud's Psychosexual Developmental Theory.
- Bandura's Social Learning Theory.
- Piaget's Cognitive Developmental Theory.
The psychosocial approach
looks at individuals in the context of the combined influence that psychological factors and the surrounding social environment
have on their physical and mental wellness and their ability to function.
The compound noun, ‘psychosocial',
first emerges in the 1890s
— although a metaphysical insistence on a deep and mutually constitutive connection between personality and social life had been a commonplace throughout the nineteenth century.
What was the main idea behind Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
An individual's personality develops throughout the lifespan.
What are the cognitive development in early childhood?
Cognition, or cognitive development, includes
reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and thinking skills
. Young children use these abilities to make sense of and organize their world. … All this activity in the first three years lays the foundation for the more complex cognitive skills children will build as preschoolers.
Is Erik Erikson's theory still used today?
Erikson's' work is as
relevant today
as when he first outlined his original theory, in fact given the modern pressures on society, family and relationships – and the quest for personal development and fulfilment – his ideas are probably more relevant now than ever.
Which stage has the basic virtue of competence?
Stage 4
; Basic virtue: competence. The child now feels the need to win approval by demonstrating specific competencies that are valued by society and begins to develop a sense of pride in their accomplishments.
