Abstract. Diseases of old age – aspects of aging that are not part of the normal, species universal process of aging – are referred to as secondary aging. ... Some people live into very old age free of illness; others become sick or incapacitated. Some of these differences between individuals may be attributed to culture.
What is secondary aging caused by?
Secondary aging, as defined by Holloszy, is “caused by diseases and environmental factors, such as smoking and exposure to ultraviolet radiation ” and are physiological changes that are not inevitable (21). Secondary aging alters life expectancy (average length of life in a population), but not maximum life span.
What is the difference between primary and secondary aging?
Primary aging, also known as normal aging, refers to the maximum lifespan of a species. This aging process is unaffected by lifestyle factors such as stress, smoking, and diet. ... Secondary aging refers to the life expectancy of a population , or the amount of time an individual is expected to live.
What does primary aging mean?
changes associated with normal aging that are inevitable and caused by intrinsic biological or genetic factors . Examples include the loss of melanin, which causes gray hair, and decreased skin elasticity.
What is the difference between primary aging and secondary aging give examples?
Primary aging refers to changes that occur on a molecular and cellular level within the body; these type of changes are an unavoidable part of aging. (ex: wrinkling skin, greying hair, etc.) Secondary aging is aging that occurs due to lack of exercise or poor nutrition . (ex: arthritis, diabetes, etc.)
Which is an example of secondary aging?
Diseases of old age – aspects of aging that are not part of the normal, species universal process of aging – are referred to as secondary aging. Some of the most common diseases of aging include Alzheimer’s dementia, cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease .
How can we prevent secondary aging?
So being physically active leads to healthy longer lives and influence the secondary aging processes more than primary aging. Exercise is the fountain of youth! Being physically active is one way to slow and reverse secondary aging.
What is the difference between optimal aging and successful aging?
Optimal aging: the capacity to function across many domains—physical, functional, cognitive, emotional, social and spiritual—to one’s satisfaction and in spite of one’s medical conditions. Successful aging: absence of disease and disability; high cognitive and physical functioning ; and active engagement with life.
Is GREY hair primary aging?
According to scientists, primary aging describes the biological factors that are largely beyond our control. ... Scientists associate age-related changes like vision, graying hair, and wrinkles as key examples of primary aging.
What is tertiary aging?
Tertiary or mortality-related aging refers to accelerated functional deteriorations that manifest shortly (months, maybe years) before death . By definition, these tertiary changes are not so much correlated with age, but with impending death.
What are two types of Ageing?
That’s because there are actually two types of aging. Intrinsic aging occurs naturally as we grow older and is largely a product of heredity. Extrinsic aging is based almost entirely on external factors.
How do you slow down primary aging?
These changes include changes in the skin and hair, height and weight, hearing loss , and eye disease. However, some of these changes can be reduced by limiting exposure to the sun, eating a nutritious diet, and exercising. Skin and hair change with age.
Which of the following are examples of factors that influence secondary Ageing?
Secondary aging processes result from disease and poor health practices (e.g. no exercise, smoking, excess fat and other forms of self-damage ) and are often preventable, whether through lifestyle choice or modern medicine.
How are aging stages classified?
Patients were classified as group 1 (youngest-old), ranging from ages 65 to 74 years; group 2 (middle-old) , ranging from ages 75 to 84 years; and group 3 (oldest-old), aged more than 85 years.
How does SES effect the secondary aging process?
SES has been found to affect the psychological health of aging individuals. Poverty is considered a risk factor for declines in mental health among older people. ... Older women suffering from dementia were found to be at increased risk of physical abuse and neglect by family caregivers.
What causes fast aging?
Too much sun exposure can break down our skin’s elasticity causing it to be thick like leather or thin like tissue paper. Not only that, UV rays can damage collagen proteins in the skin, leading to sagging or loose skin, and speed up the production of melanin (cells that give the skin its color) causing dark age spots.
