“Sliding window protocols are used where reliable in-order delivery of packets is required.” The ordering of the packets is defined using the “sequence numbers” which
are attached on every packet
. In two way communications both sides agree to a window size before transmitting any packets containing actual data.
Which is a 1 bit sliding window protocol?
In one – bit sliding window protocol,
the size of the window is 1
. So the sender transmits a frame, waits for its acknowledgment, then transmits the next frame. Thus it uses the concept of stop and waits for the protocol. This protocol provides for full – duplex communications.
What is sequence number in Go Back N?
The sequence numbers are numbered as
modulo-n
. For example, if the sending window size is 4, then the sequence numbers will be 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, and so on. The number of bits in the sequence number is 2 to generate the binary sequence 00, 01, 10, 11. The size of the receiving window is 1.
What is window size in sliding window?
The size of the receiving window is
the maximum number of frames that the receiver can accept at a time
. It determines the maximum number of frames that the sender can send before receiving acknowledgment.
What are the four divisions made in the sliding window?
- Go-Back-N ARQ.
- Selective Repeat ARQ.
What is the problem in Go-Back-N protocol?
According to question,
every 5th packet gets lost
. So, packet-5 gets lost and when time out occurs, sender retransmits packet-5. In Go back N, all the following packets are also discarded by the receiver. So, packet-6 and packet-7 are discarded by the receiver and they are also retransmitted.
Why sliding window used in Go-Back-N?
The sliding window (pipelined) protocols achieve utilization of network bandwidth by not requiring the sender to wait for an acknowledgment before sending another frame. In Go-Back-N,
the sender controls the flow of packets
, meaning we’ve got a simple and dummy receiver.
What are the drawbacks of one bit sliding window protocol?
The main problem with this protocol is
low efficiency when the delay is long
(or equivalently, when the frame is short, or when the transmission rate is high).
Are sliding window protocols full duplex?
Sliding Window protocol is
full duplex in nature
.
How do you measure a window for a sliding window protocol?
Maximum window size
= 1 + 2*a
where a = Tp/Tt Minimum sequence numbers required = 1 + 2*a. All the packets in the current window will be given a sequence number. Number of bits required to represent the sender window = ceil(log2(1+2*a)).
What should be the size of window?
| Inches (in) Foot (ft) Centimetres (cm) | 25in by 35in 2.08ft by 2.92ft 63.5cm by 89cm | 29in by 47in 2.42ft by 3.92ft 73.66cm by 119.4cm | 29in by 59in 2.42ft by 4.92ft 73.66cm by 149.86cm |
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What are the characteristics of sliding window?
The basic idea of sliding window protocol is that
both sender and receiver keep a “window” of acknowledgment
. The sender keeps the value of expected acknowledgment; while the receiver keeps the value of expected receiving frame. When it receives an acknowledgment from the receiver, the sender advances the window.
What is sliding window method?
In the sliding window method,
a window of specified length, Len, moves over the data, sample by sample, and the statistic is computed over the data in the window
. The output for each input sample is the statistic over the window of the current sample and the Len – 1 previous samples.
What are the advantages of sliding window protocol?
- It controls the speed of transmission so that no fast sender can overwhelm the slower receiver;
- It allows for orderly delivery, as we will show;
- It allows for retransmission of lost frames, specific retransmission policy depends on the specific implementations.
How pipelining property is used in sliding window protocol?
- Go-Back-N: Go-Back-N(GBN) is a ‘Sliding Window Protocol’ that ensures pipelining. It first checks the window size of the sender and receiver, and then it sends multiple data frames at the same time. …
- Selective Repeat: Selective Repeat is also a sliding window protocol implementing pipelining.
Which technique is used in sliding window?
Applying sliding window technique :
We compute the sum of first k elements out of n terms using a
linear loop
and store the sum in variable window_sum. Then we will graze linearly over the array till it reaches the end and simultaneously keep track of maximum sum.
