Mendel worked with seven distinct characteristics of pea plants:
plant height, pod shape and color, seed shape and color, and flower position and color
. He carefully sorted the progeny derived from the parent plants based on these characteristics and counted the number that inherited each character.
What are two advantages of using pea plants for genetics?
- Pea plants have a short life cycle.
- They are easy to grow and need little care.
- They show several pairs of visible characters with contrasting traits.
- The Pea plants reproduce sexually, in nature, by self pollination.
Why are pea plants good for genetic studies?
To study genetics, Mendel chose to work with pea plants
because they have easily identifiable traits
(Figure below). For example, pea plants are either tall or short, which is an easy trait to observe. … Mendel also used pea plants because they can either self-pollinate or be cross-pollinated.
What is the relationship between genetics and a pea plant?
Gregor Mendel, through his work on pea plants, discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance. He deduced that
genes come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units
, one from each parent. Mendel tracked the segregation of parental genes and their appearance in the offspring as dominant or recessive traits.
Do pea plants show genetic variation?
Genetic diversity of a collection of 372 pea accessions
The broad cultivation range of
pea was associated with a wide genetic variation both at the phenotypic and molecular levels
. The levels of polymorphism revealed by the three types of markers used in this study were contrasted.
What are the 3 principles of Mendelian genetics?
Mendel’s studies yielded three “laws” of inheritance:
the law of dominance, the law of segregation, and the law of independent assortment
. Each of these can be understood through examining the process of meiosis.
What are the 7 characteristics of pea plants?
- Pea shape (round or wrinkled)
- Pea color (green or yellow)
- Pod shape (constricted or inflated)
- Pod color (green or yellow)
- Flower color (purple or white)
- Plant size (tall or dwarf)
- Position of flowers (axial or terminal)
What are the advantages of pea plant?
Answer: Mendel selected garden pea as his experimental material because it had the following advantages: (i) The pea plants showed a number of well defined contrasting characters. (ii)
It has perfect bisexual flowers containing both male and female parts
. The flowers are predominantly self pollinating.
What are Mendel’s factors called today?
Mendel’s “factors” are now known to be
genes encoded by DNA
, and the variations are called alleles. “T” and “t” are alleles of one genetic factor, the one that determines plant size.
What is Mendel’s law of segregation?
According to the law of segregation, only one of the two gene copies present in an organism is distributed to each gamete (egg or sperm cell) that it makes, and
the allocation of the gene copies is random
.
What are the 3 laws of inheritance?
Law of inheritance is made up of three laws:
Law of segregation, law of independent assortment and law of dominance
.
What are the two main principles of Mendelian genetics?
Mendel’s laws and meiosis
Mendel’s laws (principles) of
segregation and independent assortment
are both explained by the physical behavior of chromosomes during meiosis.
What are the rules of inheritance?
The Mendel’s laws of inheritance include
law of dominance, law of segregation and law of independent assortment
. The law of segregation states that every individual possesses two alleles and only one allele is passed on to the offspring.
What traits did Mendel study in pea plants?
During this time, Mendel observed seven different characteristics in the pea plants, and each of these characteristics had two forms (Figure 3). The characteristics included
height (tall or short), pod shape (inflated or constricted), seed shape (smooth or winkled), pea color (green or yellow)
, and so on.
When a pea plant is true breeding for a trait?
The result is
highly inbred
, or “true-breeding,” pea plants. These are plants that always produce offspring that look like the parent. By experimenting with true-breeding pea plants, Mendel avoided the appearance of unexpected traits in offspring that might occur if the plants were not true breeding.
What trait in pea plants is being studied?
The trait that is being studied is
the height of the pea plants
.
