In open channel flow
What is specific energy formula?
Write pressure in terms of depth (y = p / γ) . = 0). i.e. where y is the depth of flow, v is the velocity, Q is the discharge, A is the cross- sectional flow area and E is the specific energy i.e energy w.r.t channel bottom.
What is specific energy of a flowing liquid?
The specific energy Es of a liquid in an open channel is the total mechanical energy (expressed as a head) relative to the bottom of the channel . The specific energy reaches a minimum value Es, min at some intermediate point, called the critical point, characterized by the critical depth yc and critical velocity Vc.
How do you find the specific energy of a flow?
; Q= constant energy is called critical specific energy. VT gA = • F, = 1 Thus, when the specific energy is minimum for a given discharge flow will be critical flow and depth of flow will be called as critical depth of flow (y) and velocity of flow will be called as critical velocity.
What is specific energy in hydrology?
Specific energy is the total head with respect to the channel bottom . It is a summation of the velocity head and the depth of flow at a given cross section. ... specific energy with discharge as a parameter and/or depth vs. flowrate with specific energy as a parameter.
What is specific energy diagram?
For given values of unit discharge, q, a specific energy diagram depicting energy and the depth of water , y, can be developed. The specific energy is the energy above the datum, which we have chosen as the bottom of the channel.
What is the difference between total energy and specific energy?
It may be noted that while the total energy in a real fluid flow always decreases in the downstream direction, the specific energy is constant for a uniform flow and can either decrease or increase in a varied flow , since the elevation of the bed of the channel relative to the elevation of the energy line, determines ...
What is specific energy output?
Specific energy or massic energy is energy per unit mass . ... It is used to quantify, for example, stored heat and other thermodynamic properties of substances such as specific internal energy, specific enthalpy, specific Gibbs free energy, and specific Helmholtz free energy.
Which fuel has the highest specific energy?
The highest energy content fuel is hydrogen , which is also the simplest chemical component in existence. Gasoline, which is derived from refining crude oil, contains much more energy than coal (twice than the lower grade bituminous) or wood (three times).
What is the specific energy of water?
Water has a large specific heat of 4.19 kJ/kg o C compared to many other fluids and materials.
What is critical depth of flow?
Critical Flow: The variation of specific energy with depth at a constant discharge shows a minimum in the specific energy at a depth called critical depth at which the Froude number has a value of one. Critical depth is also the depth of maximum discharge , when the specific energy is held constant.
How do you calculate the specific energy of flowing water?
- Specific energy (E) E=h+v22g. =1.2+1.562528×9.81. = 1.2 + 0.124. [ E = 1.324m]
- Critical path (hc) hc=(q2g)1/3. =(1.87529.81)1/3. = 0.71 m. Critical velocity (vc) Vc=√9×hc. √9.81×0.71. [Vc = 2.639 m/s]
- Minimum specific energy (E min)
What does specific power mean?
Specific power or power-to-weight ratio is a measure of performance for an engine in a vehicle or in a power plant. It is defined as the power output by it divided by its mass , typically in units of W/kg or hp/lb.
What is the symbol of energy density?
or energy density (energy per volume) symbol u or η (eta) or ε (epsilon).
What is specific energy of fuel?
Specific energy is the energy per unit mass of a fuel .
