Bureaucratization
: The third stage of a social movement’s life cycle in which strategy is carried out by formal organizations and trained staff. Also known as formalization. Coalescence: The second stage of a social movement’s life cycle, which is characterized the coming together of social movement constituents.
Aberle’s Four Types of Social Movements: Based on who a movement is trying to change and how much change a movement is advocating, Aberle identified four types of social movements:
redemptive, reformative, revolutionary and alternative
. Other categories have been used to distinguish between types of social movements.
- agitation.
- resource mobilization.
- organization.
- institutionalization.
- decline/death.
He described four types of social movements, including:
alternative, redemptive, reformative, and revolutionary social movements
.
Social movements strive for social change.
Objectives, ideology, leadership, programmes and organisation
are the major components of social movements. They are the spirit of democracy and dynamics of society.
Social movements start when people realize that there is a specific problem in their society that they want to address. This realization can come from the dissatisfaction people feel or information and knowledge they get about a specific issue. … The first stage of the social movement is known as
emergence
.
Social movement,
a loosely organized but sustained campaign in support of a social goal
, typically either the implementation or the prevention of a change in society’s structure or values. Although social movements differ in size, they are all essentially collective.
We know that social movements can occur on the local, national, or even global stage. … Examples include
antinuclear groups
, Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), the Dreamers movement for immigration reform, and the Human Rights Campaign’s advocacy for Marriage Equality.
The old social movements clearly saw
reorganisation of power relations
as a central goal. … So the ‘new’ social movements were not about changing the distribution of power in society but about quality-of-life issues such as having a clean environment.
- Collective Action: Social movement undoubtedly involves collective action. …
- Oriented Towards Social Change: A Social movement is generally oriented towards bringing about social change. …
- Ideology Behind the Movement: …
- Organizational Framework: …
- The Techniques and Results:
One of the most common and important types of social movements is
the reform movement
, which seeks limited, though still significant, changes in some aspect of a nation’s political, economic, or social systems.
The phrase social movements refers to collective activities designed to bring about or resist primary changes in an existing society or group. Wherever they occur, social movements
can dramatically shape the direction of society
. … Even when they prove initially unsuccessful, social movements do affect public opinion.
- Technology.
- Population.
- War and conquest.
- Diffusion.
- Values and beliefs.
- Physical environment.
Social change is continuous and ongoing
. The broad historical processes of social change are the sum total of countless individual and collective actions gathered across time and space. Social movements are directed towards some specific goals. It involves long and continuous social effort and action by people.
Feminism is a
range of social movements, political movements, and ideologies
that aim to define and establish the political, economic, personal, and social equality of the sexes.
The term new social movements (NSMs) is
a theory of social movements that attempts to explain the plethora of new movements that have come up in various western societies roughly since
the mid-1960s (i.e. in a post-industrial economy) which are claimed to depart significantly from the conventional social movement …
