Volume expansion is indicated if there is a history suggestive of
blood loss and clinical signs such as poor perfusion, pallor and a weak pulse
. Normal saline or blood can be given at a dose of 10 mL/kg.
Which of the following may be associated with delayed cord clamping in vigorous preterm newborn?
There is evidence, primarily in neonates who do not require resuscitation, that delayed cord clamping is associated with
less intraventricular hemorrhage
, higher blood pressure and blood volume, less need for transfusion after birth, and less necrotizing enterocolitis.
What is the preferred method of assessing heart rate during chest compressions?
An electronic cardiac monitor
is the preferred method for assessing heart rate during chest compressions. Chest compressions continue for 60 seconds prior to checking a heart rate.
Which statement best describes the ethical principle’s that guide the resuscitation of a newborn NRP?
Which statement describes the ethical principle(s) that guide the resuscitation of a newborn?
The approach to decisions in the newborn should be guided by the same principles used for adults and older children.
Which of the following is an indication for endotracheal intubation NRP?
During neonatal resuscitation, endotracheal intubation may be indicated when
bag-mask ventilation is ineffective or prolonged
, when chest compressions are performed, or for special circumstances such as congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
What are the indications for neonatal resuscitation?
Indications for positive pressure ventilation administered either via bag and mask or via endotracheal tube include (1) an insufficient respiratory pattern manifested by gasping and/or apnea, (2)
a heart rate that remains below 100 beats/min (bpm) for 30 seconds
, and (3) persistent central cyanosis despite …
Which of the following is associated with delayed cord clamping?
In preterm infants, delayed umbilical cord clamping is associated with significant
neonatal benefits
, including improved transitional circulation, better establishment of red blood cell volume, decreased need for blood transfusion, and lower incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis and intraventricular hemorrhage.
Who are the usual surrogate decision makers for a newborn?
Parents, as surrogate decision makers for their infants, are generally expected by
health care providers
to act in the child’s “best interest.” However, when the wishes of the parents are contrary to those of the medical profession, an ethical dilemma occurs.
When are chest compressions indicated in a newborn?
Chest compressions are indicated
whenever the heart rate remains below 60 bpm
despite 30 seconds of effective positive pressure ventilation. Newborn infants whose heart rate drops to below 60 bpm are usually hypoxic and acidotic.
What is the preferred method for pulse check in an infant?
The best spot to feel the pulse in an infant is the upper am, called the
brachial pulse
. Lay your baby down on the back with one arm bent so the hand is up by the ear.
What is the recommended depth of compressions in infants?
Objective: For infant and child resuscitation, current basic life support guidelines recommend a compression depth of
one third to one half of the anteroposterior chest diameter
.
Which statement best describes the ethical principle that guide the resuscitation?
Which statement best describes the ethical principle(s) that guide the resuscitation of a newborn?
The approach to decisions in the newborn should be guided by the same principles used for adults and older children.
What is the recommended depth of chest compressions?
Key Points for Practice. In adult CPR, 100 to 120 chest compressions per minute at a depth
of at least 2 inches, but no greater than 2.4 inches
, should be provided. Health care professionals can perform chest compressions and ventilation in all patients presenting with cardiac arrest.
What is true about post resuscitation care?
Post-resuscitation care is
meant to optimize ventilation and circulation, preserve organ/tissue function, and maintain recommended blood glucose levels
. Below find a systematic approach followed by a post-resuscitation care algorithm to guide you in your treatment.
Which action is appropriate with a pulse oximeter and blender during and immediately following resuscitation of preterm babies?
Premature babies are more vulnerable to hyperoxia; use an oximeter and
blender to gradually achieve oxyhemoglobin in the 85% to 95% range
during and immediately following resuscitation. After resuscitation of a preterm baby: Monitor and control blood sugar.
What parameters give us the best endotracheal intubation?
Patients requiring intubation have at least one of the following five indications:
Inability to keep airway open (dislocation of the tongue toward the pharynx, obstruction of the upper respiratory tract, obstructive sleep apnea, burns)
.
What are the indications for pediatric intubation?
Within the pediatric population, the most common indications for intubation are
trauma and primary respiratory failure
. Examples include cardiac arrest, traumatic brain injury, and status epilepticus.
What is the most important and effective action in neonatal resuscitation?
As
ventilation
is the most effective action in neonatal resuscitation and because chest compressions are likely to compete with effective ventilation, rescuers should ensure that assisted ventilation is being delivered optimally before starting chest compressions.
When do you intubate in NRP?
The Neonatal Resuscitation Program recommends
a 20-second limit
for intubation attempts. Intubation attempts by junior doctors are frequently unsuccessful, and many infants are intubated between 20 and 30 seconds without apparent adverse effect.
What is neonatal resuscitation?
Neonatal resuscitation is
used to revive a newborn who is not breathing or has other serious problems
. Neonatal resuscitation is a series of emergency procedures performed by a doctor to support newborn babies who are not breathing, are gasping or have a weak heartbeat at birth.
What is the fluid of choice for treating hypovolemia during neonatal resuscitation?
Conclusions: Given the state of the evidence and taking all other considerations into account, the guideline-developing group and the multidisciplinary committee recommend that in neonates and children with hypovolemia the first-choice fluid for resuscitation should be
isotonic saline
.
What happens to umbilical cord after delivery?
In the womb, the umbilical cord delivers the oxygen and nutrients needed to allow your baby to grow. After birth,
the cord is clamped and cut, leaving a stump
. This eventually falls off, healing to form the umbilicus (belly button). There are ways for you to prevent problems during healing.
What does delayed cord clamping mean?
Delayed cord clamping means that
doctors don’t immediately clamp and cut the umbilical cord
. Instead, they allow extra time for the blood in the cord and placenta to flow to the baby. Eventually, the placenta, also known as afterbirth, detaches from the uterus and is also delivered.
What is delayed cord clamping Australia?
Immediate cord clamping: the cord is clamped as soon as the baby is born. Delayed cord clamping: clamping of the cord is delayed
after the baby is born
. At the Mater Hospital delayed cord clamping is performed one minute after the baby is born.
Which is true about pneumothorax in the newborn?
A pneumothorax occurs when
some of the tiny air sacs (alveoli) in a baby’s lung become overinflated and burst
. This causes air to leak into the space between the lung and chest wall (pleural space). The most common cause of pneumothorax is respiratory distress syndrome.
What is true epinephrine?
Epinephrine, more commonly known as adrenaline, is
a hormone secreted by the medulla of the adrenal
glands. Strong emotions such as fear or anger cause epinephrine to be released into the bloodstream, which causes an increase in heart rate, muscle strength, blood pressure, and sugar metabolism.
Which method is most appropriate to use when checking an infant for responsiveness?
- Check for responsiveness. Shake or tap the infant gently. …
- If there is no response, shout for help. Send someone to call 911. …
- Carefully place the infant on their back. If there is a chance the infant has a spinal injury, two people should move the infant to prevent the head and neck from twisting.
What are the recommended compression to ventilation ratios for infants?
Coordinate Chest Compressions and Ventilations
A lone rescuer uses a compression-to-ventilation ratio of
30:2
. For 2-rescuer infant and child CPR, one provider should perform chest compressions while the other keeps the airway open and performs ventilations at a ratio of 15:2.
Why do infants need a brachial pulse?
The accepted standard for determining cardiac arrest in infants is the
use of palpation of the brachial pulse to detect pulselessness
.
How long after epinephrine is administered?
The onset of blood pressure increase following an intravenous dose of epinephrine is
< 5 minutes
and the time to offset blood pressure response occurs within 15 minutes.
What is the correct technique for chest compressions in a newborn?
Start baby CPR
Put two fingers in the centre of baby’s chest.
Do 30 compressions at a rate of 2 compressions per second
. Each compression should push the chest down by about one third. Hold baby’s head so that their chin doesn’t drop down.
What is the recommended compression rate for performing CPR?
Gently compress the chest about 1.5 inches (about 4 centimeters). Count aloud as you push in a fairly rapid rhythm. You should push at a rate of
100 to 120 compressions a minute
, just as you would when giving an adult CPR .
What is the recommended compression rate for high quality CPR?
Compression rate of
100-120/min
. Compression depth of at least 50 mm (2 inches) in adults and at least 1/3 the AP dimension of the chest in infants and children. No excessive ventilation.
How deep should compressions be during CPR on an infant quizlet?
The recommended depth of chest compressions for an infant is
at least one third the depth of the chest approximately 1.5 inches (4cm)
. A victim who is unresponsive with no normal breathing and no pulse needs CPR .
Which of the following is best indication for volume expansion?
Volume expansion is indicated if there is a history suggestive of
blood loss
and clinical signs such as poor perfusion, pallor and a weak pulse. Normal saline or blood can be given at a dose of 10 mL/kg.
What best describes ethical principles that guide the resuscitation of a newborn?
The ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice
are fundamental principles essential in making decisions regarding neonatal resuscitation.
Which of the following may be associated with delayed cord clamping in vigorous?
There is evidence, primarily in neonates who do not require resuscitation, that delayed cord clamping is associated with
less intraventricular hemorrhage
, higher blood pressure and blood volume, less need for transfusion after birth, and less necrotizing enterocolitis.
