Wood is essentially composed of cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, and extractives . Table 1 presents major chemical compositions of some wood species. Each of these components contributes to fiber properties, which ultimately impact product properties.
What are the properties of wood?
The mechanical properties of wood include strength in tension and compression (as measured in axial and transverse directions), shear, cleavage, hardness, static bending, and shock (impact bending and toughness).
What is chemical formula for wood?
The listed chemical elements form the basic organic substances: cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses. Cellulose is a natural polymer, a polysaccharide with a long chain molecule. The cellulose formula (C6H10O5) n , where n is the degree of polymerization, is 6000-14000.
What kind of substance is wood?
Wood is not a pure substance it is a mixture , because it is composed of compounds such as cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin which are made up of elements such as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
What are 3 types of wood?
The Three Main Types of Wood. Before we get into all of the different wood varieties and their common uses, it’s important to understand the three basic types of wood you might encounter. These three types are: softwoods, hardwoods, and engineered wood.
What is wood and its types?
There are two main types of wood – hardwoods and softwoods . Hard woods come from broad leaved trees. These trees have flowers and produce seeds such as nuts and fruit). Examples are oak, beech and mahogany.
What are the three properties of wood?
The main physical properties of wood include: color, luster, texture, macro-structure, odor, moisture, shrinkage, internal stresses, swelling, cracking, warping, density , sound – electro – thermal conductivity. Сolor, shine, texture and macrostructure determine the appearance of wood.
What are the disadvantages of wood?
Another disadvantage of wood is that it easily catches fire . Wood consists of organic compounds which are composed mainly of carbon and hydrogen. They can combine with oxygen and burns. Because of these properties, wood is classified as a combustible material.
What are the applications of wood?
Wood is used in interiors as a surface material for walls, ceilings and floors, furniture, stairs, windows and doors, in features and decorations, etc . The use of wood extends from small private facilities to large public social and official premises. Very often, wood is used because of the way it looks.
Why is wood not a substance?
Wood is not a pure substance , it is a mixture, because it is composed of compounds such as cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin which are made up of elements such as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. ... Wood is a heterogeneous mixture of different materials.
How is wood useful to us?
Wood has been used for thousands of years for fuel, as a construction material, for making tools and weapons, furniture and paper . More recently it emerged as a feedstock for the production of purified cellulose and its derivatives, such as cellophane and cellulose acetate.
What are 10 uses of wood?
- Construction and Fencing. Home Construction: During the early periods, use of wood in domestic construction was a common scene and this is still followed in this twenty-first century. ...
- Household Uses. Utensils: ...
- Art Industry. Artworks: ...
- Sports Equipment. Wooden Toys: ...
- Commercial Uses. Furniture:
Which wood is best for furniture?
- Walnut. Walnut is a hard, strong and durable wood for furniture. ...
- Maple. Maple is one of the hardest wood types for furniture. ...
- Mahogany. Mahogany is a durable hardwood that’s often used for investment, intricate pieces of furniture. ...
- Birch. ...
- Oak. ...
- Cherry. ...
- Pine.
What is the most expensive wood?
African Blackwood is one of the hardest and densest wood in the world and is mostly used for musical instruments. It is considered as the most expensive wood in the world because not only it is challenging to work with hand or machine tools, its trees are already near-threatened.
What is the most common wood?
The red maple tree is the most common tree species in the United States, but it’s the less popular rock or sugar maple from which the majority of maple wood comes.
What are the 4 types of wood?
The hardwood, softwood, plywood or MDF are the four main varieties of wood that you may use for any type of woodworking project and the following points give you the confidence to select the right type of wood for your project.
