Henry Cavendish (1731–1810) was an outstanding chemist and physicist. Although he was not a major figure in the history of respiratory physiology he made
important discoveries concerning hydrogen, carbon dioxide, atmospheric air, and water
.
What was the major contribution of Henry Cavendish to the universal law of gravitation?
In Newton’s law of universal gravitation,
the attractive force between two objects (F) is equal to G times the product of their masses (m
1
m
2
) divided by the square of the distance between them
(r
2
); that is, F = Gm
1
m
2
/r
2
. The experiment was performed in 1797–98 by the English scientist Henry Cavendish.
What was the contribution of Henry Cavendish to physics?
Henry Cavendish, the British philosopher, chemist, physicist. Henry Cavendish was a British philosopher, scientist, chemist and physicist. He is best known for his
discovery of hydrogen or ‘inflammable air’, the density of air and the discovery of Earth’s mass
.
How did Henry Cavendish change the world?
He is noted for his
discovery of hydrogen
, which he termed “inflammable air”. He described the density of inflammable air, which formed water on combustion, in a 1766 paper, On Factitious Airs. … His experiment to measure the density of the Earth has come to be known as the Cavendish experiment.
What element did Henry Cavendish discover?
Henry Cavendish (10 October 1731 – 24 February 1810) was a British natural philosopher and theoretical chemist and physicist. Cavendish described the density of inflammable air, in a 1766 paper “On Factitious Airs” where he noted it formed water on combustion and is considered as the discovery of
hydrogen
.
Did Henry Cavendish discover water?
Henry Cavendish (1731-1810) was an outstanding chemist and physicist. Although he was not a major figure in the history of respiratory physiology he made important discoveries concerning hydrogen, carbon dioxide, atmospheric air, and water.
Who discovered the weight of earth?
The first person credited with “weighing” the Earth was
Henry Cavendish
(1731-1810.) But we must first mention one of the greatest physicists who ever lived – Isaac Newton (1642-1727). Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation states that any two masses are attracted to one another.
What was the conclusion of the Cavendish experiment?
The results of the Cavendish Experiment was the mass density of the earth, yet others were able to derive the actual value of the gravitational constant from the experiments results.
How Sir Henry Cavendish determined the value of G and what is the value?
Henry Cavendish performed
an experiment to find the density of the Earth
. Other scientists used his experimental setup to determine the value of G. The setup consisted of a torsion balance to attract lead balls together, measuring the torque on a wire and then equating it to the gravitational force between the balls.
What did Cavendish discover about water?
Cavendish concluded
that dephlogisticated air was dephlogisticated water and that hydrogen was either pure phlogiston or phlogisticated water
. He reported these findings to Joseph Priestley, an English clergyman and scientist, no later than March 1783, but did not publish them until the following year.
Why did Cavendish use the word inflammable?
Cavendish found that
when metals such as zinc and iron were mixed with hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid, a flammable gas was released
. He called this gas “inflammable air”. … Cavendish knew that mixture of hydrogen and air exploded upon ignition.
How was the mass of Earth discovered?
The mass of Earth is measured indirectly by determining other quantities such as Earth’s density, gravity, or gravitational constant. The first measurement in the
1770s
Schiehallion experiment resulted in a value about 20% too low. The Cavendish experiment of 1798 found the correct value within 1%.
How accurate was Cavendish?
Cavendish’s equipment was remarkably sensitive for its time. … Cavendish was able to measure this small deflection to an
accuracy of better than 0.01 inches (0.25 mm)
using vernier scales on the ends of the rod. The accuracy of Cavendish’s result was not exceeded until C. V. Boys’s experiment in 1895.
What did Cavendish Discover choose all correct answers?
Cavendish is noted for his discovery of
hydrogen or what he called “inflammable air”
. … With a standard atomic weight of 1.008, hydrogen is the lightest element on the periodic table. Its monatomic form (H) is the most abundant chemical substance in the Universe, constituting roughly 75% of all baryonic mass.
What is the definition of Cavendish?
cavendish. / (ˈkævəndɪʃ) /
noun
.
tobacco that has been sweetened and pressed into moulds to form bars
.
How did Cavendish Discover hydrogen?
English chemist and physicist Henry Cavendish, who discovered hydrogen. Cavendish, like many before him, noticed
that a gas was produced when zinc or iron was dropped into an acid
. … He called this gas “inflammable air” (known today as hydrogen).
