Bottom-up processing begins with the retrieval of sensory information from our external environment to build perceptions based on the current input of sensory information. Top-down processing is the interpretation of incoming information based on prior knowledge, experiences, and expectations .
What is the difference between bottom-up and top-down processing quizlet?
What is the difference between “bottom-up” & “top-down” processing? “Bottom-up” Processing is sensation it is automatic . It is the process of taking in information from the environment through sensory inputs. “Top-down” processing is perception and this is intellectual.
What is an example of bottom-up processing?
Bottom-up processing takes place as it happens. For example, if you see an image of an individual letter on your screen , your eyes transmit the information to your brain, and your brain puts all of this information together.
What is an example of top-down processing in psychology?
One classic example of top-down processing in action is a phenomenon known as the Stroop effect . In this task, people are shown a list of words printed in different colors. They’re then asked to name the ink color, rather than the word itself. ... Top-down processing explains why this task is so difficult.
What are the key differences between top-down and bottom-up approach in information processing?
Bottom-up refers to the way it is built up from the smallest pieces of sensory information. Top-down processing, on the other hand, refers to perception that is driven by cognition . Your brain applies what it knows and what it expects to perceive and fills in the blanks, so to speak.
Which comes first bottom-up or top-down processing?
Bottom-Up vs.
Bottom-up processing begins with the retrieval of sensory information from our external environment to build perceptions based on the current input of sensory information. Top-down processing is the interpretation of incoming information based on prior knowledge, experiences, and expectations.
What is another name for top-down processing?
In top-down processing, perceptions are interpreted from individual frameworks that help us perceive and interpret information. These frameworks, also known as schemas , are constructed from past experiences, prior knowledge, emotions, and expectations (Piaget, 1953).
What is meant by a bottom-up process in attention quizlet?
Define bottom-up processing. Involves processing information by starting with the individual elements of a visual stimulus and gradually building up a final representation and interpretation (Grivas, et al, 2006).
What is meant by a top-down process in attention quizlet?
Top-down processing is information processing guided by high-level mental processes , as when we construct perceptions by filtering information through our experience and expectations.
What is attended stimulus in perception?
The attended stimulus: The attended stimulus is the specific object in the environment on which attention is focused . The image on the retina: This involves light actually passing through the cornea and pupil and onto the lens of the eye.
What is top down approach example?
For example, the Martha Stewart Living company , owned and managed by lifestyle expert Martha Stewart, utilizes the top-down approach — therefore, Stewart makes the decisions, holds the most equity in the company, and drives the brand awareness due to her worldwide popularity.
What does psychophysics mean?
Psychophysics, study of quantitative relations between psychological events and physical events or, more specifically, between sensations and the stimuli that produce them.
When would you use top-down processing?
Top-down processing enables us to shortcut the cognitive path between our perceptions and their meaning . Part of the reason for this is that top-down processing helps us recognize patterns. Patterns are useful because they help us understand and know how to interact with the world.
What are the advantages of top-down approach?
The advantage of this approach is that decisions can be made and implemented very quickly . This is particularly important when time is limited. The other benefit of top-down project planning is that it helps align the project goals with the organization’s strategic goals as upper management is giving the directions.
What is bottom-up theory of reading?
A bottom-up reading model is a reading model that emphasizes the written or printed text, it says that reading is driven by a process that results in meaning (or, in other words, reading is driven by text) and that reading proceeds from part to whole.
What are the similarities between top-down and bottom-up approach?
Although these two models represent two opposing strategies, they share similarities in the way a company identifies its key objectives. At a very basic level, the top-down approach attempts to move from the general to the specific , while the bottom-up approach finds its way from the specific to the general.
