The two-group approach to intellectual disability highlights the etiological differences between organic causes (includes
genetic and constitutional factors
and neurobiological influences) and cultural-familial causes (includes situations such as family history, economic deprivation, and inadequate child care).
What is organic intellectual disability caused by?
Organic mental disorders are disturbances that may be caused by
injury or disease affecting brain tissues as well as by chemical or hormonal abnormalities
. Exposure to toxic materials, neurological impairment, or abnormal changes associated with aging can also cause these disorders.
What is cultural familial?
Familial culture is
how you express culture as a family through traditions, roles, beliefs, and other areas
. Many aspects can influence a family culture such as religion, and the community around you. … Familial culture is also passed down from generation to generation and this means that it is both shared and learned.
Is organic intellectual disability caused by a genetic disorder?
The most common causes of intellectual disabilities are: Genetic conditions. Sometimes an intellectual disability is caused by
abnormal genes inherited from parents
, errors when genes combine, or other reasons.
Which is the most common familial cause of intellectual disability?
The two most common genetic causes of intellectual disabilities are
Down syndrome
and Fragile X syndrome. Down syndrome is the most common genetic origin of intellectual disabilities (ID, formerly mental retardation). Down syndrome occurs in 1 out of every 800 births.
What are examples of family culture?
For us, other family values include
teamwork, honesty, compassion
, a commitment to education, family first (with flexibility), and a commitment to always trying your best. These are the values that your kids will take with them once they set out on their own.
What is a familial intellectual disability?
Familial mental retardation (familial MR) is a term which, in scientific articles, has
been applied to families with two or more members affected by MR presumably caused by the same etiological factor(s)
, irrespective of being mild or serious, having narrow or wider familial implications.
Is intellectual disability organic?
Organic Causes of Mild Mental Retardation. The first major category of causes of mild mental retardation is referred to globally as organic factors.
What is the IQ range for intellectual disability?
IQ (intelligence quotient) is measured by an IQ test. The average IQ is 100, with the majority of people scoring between 85 and 115. A person is considered intellectually disabled if they have an IQ of
less than 70 to 75
.
What is the most common form of inherited IDD?
That includes
Fragile X syndrome (FXS)
, the most common inherited form of intellectual disability. FXS occurs in an array of forms, ranging from mild learning disabilities to more severe intellectual and developmental disabilities. It is the most common known cause of autism or autistic-like behaviors.
What are the 4 levels of an intellectual disability?
- mild.
- moderate.
- severe.
- profound.
What are the examples of intellectual disability?
ID may be isolated but is very often intertwined with other neurodevelopmental disorders, including
autism
, motor or sensory difficulties (hearing, vision), serious sleep and eating disorders, and medical conditions such as epilepsy, as well as a wide variety of psychopathologic problems, including anxiety, depression, …
What are the 4 levels of mental retardation?
The DSM-IV classifies mental retardation into four stages based on severity:
mild (IQ score of 50-55 to approximately 70)
, moderate (IQ score of 30-35 to 50-55), severe (IQ score of 20-25 to 35-40), and profound (IQ score of less than 20-25).
What are the classification of intellectual disability?
Intellectual disability is defined as significant limitations in cognitive and adaptive functioning. The severity is classified as
mild, moderate, severe, and profound
, based on various measures of functioning and clinical judgment. Mild intellectual disability is primarily due to environmental risk factors.
What are signs of low IQ?
- IQ 50-70.
- Slower than normal in all areas.
- Can conform socially.
- Can acquire daily task skills.
- Integrated in society.
- No unusual physical signs.
- Can acquire practical skills.
- Reading and math skills up to grades 3-6.
What are the signs of intellectual disability in adults?
- Memory problems.
- Attention problems.
- Difficulties interacting socially.
- Impaired self-esteem or lowered sense of self-worth.
- Difficulties finding and maintain employment as adults.
- Being unable to live on one’s own due to required assistance and supervision.
